FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY OF ADHD--A TRAINING PROJECT

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：虽然注意力缺陷 多动症（ADHD）被认为是最常见的儿童 精神障碍，对功能性神经系统知之甚少。 与这种疾病有关的缺陷。 ADHD现在被认为是一种慢性 在许多受影响的个体中，有过度活跃的症状， 注意力不集中和冲动性从童年到成年。 作为 这些人有可能在学业上失败， 问题 保留症状的成年人更有可能 经历职业困难，滥用药物，发展反社会 人格障碍，在社会上不太成功。 功能 神经成像技术，如正电子发射断层扫描（PET）， 评估行为和局部大脑生理之间的相互作用可能会导致 为了更好地了解ADHD的发展， 治疗。 本指导临床科学家开发的目标 奖项旨在培养被提名者应用功能性神经影像学的技能 更好地了解ADHD缺陷的技术。 本项目的主要目标是 奖励是：1）发展成为一个独立的研究人员; 2）研究 ADHD中的脑-环境相互作用; 3）获得功能方面的专业知识 神经成像技术（即，PET），因为它可以应用于ADHD; 4）开发 这是一个独立的实验室，研究ADHD的大脑环境过程。 在培训计划中获得的技能将应用于试点研究， 评估任务参数和哌醋甲酯对区域 PET中的脑血流量（rCBF）。 试点研究的具体目标是： 1)评估练习对ADHD患者rCBF和任务表现的影响， 对照组; 2）研究慢性哌甲酯给药对 注意缺陷多动障碍成年人调节练习对任务绩效和rCBF的影响; 3)为2010年后阶段确定进一步的研究领域， 候选人

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Although Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is considered the most common child psychiatric disorder, little is known about the functional neurological deficits associated with this disorder. ADHD is now considered a chronic disorder in many affected individuals, with symptoms of overactivity, inattention, and impulsivity spanning from childhood through adulthood. As children these individuals are at-risk for academic failure and conduct problems. Adults who have retained the symptoms are more likely to experience occupational difficulties, abuse drugs, develop an antisocial personality disorder, and function less successfully in society. Functional neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET), that assess interactions between behavior and regional brain physiology may lead to the development of a better understanding of ADHD and more effective treatments. The objective of this Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award is to develop the nominee's skills in applying functional neuroimaging techniques to better understand deficits in ADHD. The major goals of this award are to: 1) Develop into an independent researcher; 2) Study brain-environment interactions in ADHD; 3) Acquire expertise in functional neuroimaging techniques (i.e., PET) as it can be applied to ADHD; 4) Develop an independent laboratory studying brain-environment processes in ADHD. Skills acquired in the training program will be applied to pilot studies to assess the effect of task parameters and methylphenidate on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in PET. Specific aims of the pilot studies are: 1) To assess the effect of practice on rCBF and task performance in ADHD and Control adults; 2) To examine how chronic methylphenidate administration in ADHD adults modulates the effects of practice on task performance and rCBF; 3) Establish further areas of study for the postaward phase for the candidate.