NEW SCINTIGRAPHY MAMMOGRAPHY CAMERA

拟议工作的目标是进行可行性研究 从而开发出一种新颖的、新的探测器， 乳房X线摄影能够改善乳腺癌的诊断， 减少假阳性诊断的数量， 侵入性活检，从而减少创伤的病人，而在 同时节省数十亿美元的国家医疗费用， 现在与这些程序有关。 这个概念是基于一个伽玛- 射线探测器，其将CsI（Tl）闪烁体阵列耦合到新的 Si-PIN二极管光电探测器阵列和铟凸点键合到大规模 低噪声集成读出芯片，形成高能量分辨率， 高空间分辨率成像探测器。 拟议的发展将 导致（在第二阶段）紧凑的设备，其中包括高性能 分辨率准直器、CsI（Tl）闪烁体和PIN光电二极管阵列 与高密度低噪声电子设备紧密耦合。 的 发展将分两个阶段进行。 在第一阶段， 设计和制造一个原型的四乘四（16像素）硅PIN二极管 排列和调查必要的技术要求， 制造和组装闪烁体以及用于集成 闪烁体与光电二极管阵列。 我们将把阵列与 现有的16通道读出芯片， 前置放大器和放大器。 我们将评估 原型结构，并将其与记录结果（7.5%FWHM 能量分辨率）的初步研究中获得的2x2 x4 mm CsI（Tl） 闪烁体与2x2 mm PIN光电二极管耦合。 在第二阶段，我们将 开发一个放大和优化的设备，在一个 单CA 5 cm × 5 cm芯片，并开发集成技术 所有的前端组件。 我们还将开发新的 具有625个全通道的优化低噪声读出电子设备 所需的放大器、优化放大器和逻辑电路， 将信号多路复用到单个芯片上的MCA。 我们还将 调查器械包装和镶嵌要求 这些装置一起形成更大的焦平面阵列。 建议的商业应用：在第三阶段，我们将开发 商业探测器系统的基础上，第一阶段和第二阶段的努力。 这些新的探测器可能会导致新一代的临床成像 用于改进乳房X光检查的设备。 在应用程序之外， 对于乳房X光检查，正在开发的设备是许多 更大的相机，空间和光谱性能优于任何其他相机 现在使用的相机，成本更低。 有一个非常大的市场 这项技术是由需要改进的诊断工具驱动的， 用于核医学。

The objective of the proposed work is to perform feasibility studies leading to the development of a novel, new detector for scintigraphy mammography capable of improving the diagnosis of breast cancer and lowering the number of false-positive diagnoses leading to unnecessary invasive biopsies, thereby reducing trauma to the patient while at the same time saving billions of dollars in the national medical bill that are now associated with these procedures. The concept is based upon a gamma- ray detector which combines a CsI(Tl) scintillator array coupled to a new Si-PIN diode photodetector array and indium-bump bonded to a large-scale low-noise integrated readout chip to form a high energy-resolution and high spatial-resolution imaging detector. The proposed development will lead (in Phase II) to a compact device which will include a high resolution collimator, CsI(Tl) scintillator and PIN photodiode array intimately coupled to the high-density low-noise electronics. The development will proceed through two distinct phases. In phase I we will design and fabricate a prototypical four-by-four (16-pixel) Si-PIN diode array and investigate the technological requirements necessary for fabricating and assembling the scintillator and for integration of the scintillator with the photodiode array. We will interface the array with an already existing 16-channel readout chip containing low-noise preamplifiers and amplifiers. We will evaluate the performance of the prototypical structure and compare it with the record results (7.5% FWHM energy resolution) obtained in preliminary studies on a 2x2x4mm CsI(Tl) scintillator coupled with a 2x2mm PIN photodiode. In phase II we will develop a scaled-up and optimized device with at least 625-pixels on a single ca. 5 cm by 5 cm chip and develop the technology for integrating all of the front-end components. We will also develop specific new readout electronics with 625 full channels of the optimized low-noise preamplifier, optimized amplifier, and logic circuits required for multiplexing the signals to the MCA on a single chip. We will also investigate packaging of the device and requirements for mosaicing the devices together to form larger focal plane arrays. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATION: In the THIRD phase we will develop commercial detector systems based upon the Phase 1 and Phase 2 efforts. These new detectors could lead to a new generation of clinical imaging devices for improved mammography. Beyond the application in conjunction with mammography, the device under development is a precursor to much larger cameras with better spatial and spectral performance than any other camera in use today, and at lower cost. There is a very large market for this technology which is driven by the need for improved diagnostic tools for nuclear medicine.