OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS AND PATHOLOGY IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

这项赠款的长期目标是促进对 产科并发症（OCs）的病因学作用及其与 精神分裂症的大脑和神经心理异常。 如果法团 在病原学上具有重要意义， 影响，通过增加显著的知识， 治疗和最终的一级预防是基础。 具体目标是调查这些变量之间的关系， 使用一项研究和方法，涉及获得OC数据的 （a）120名20/45岁的精神分裂症先证者的分娩和妊娠，（B） 120名精神病学正常的对照先证者，年龄，性别， 种族，和惯用手，和（c）120名精神分裂症先证者 相似匹配的非精神病同胞。 诊断将使用DSM-IV 标准，基于结构化诊断访谈（SCID），补充 通过图表审查。 OC成绩将通过申请公布 从受试者的访谈中获得的产科信息的评分量表 母亲，以及产科记录。 OC、诊断和 神经心理学测试评估将在尊重 以及MRI（磁共振成像）体积 测量大脑的关键区域，包括颞叶和额叶皮层， 海马体杏仁核和丘脑 我们将检验OC分数明显更差的假设， 在精神分裂症患者中， 要么是正常对照组要么是病人的兄弟姐妹 我们还将测试 OC分数是否与关键脑区的体积有关 或者在特定类型的神经心理学测试中的表现。 “双因素”病因学模型的关键预测，其中OC通常 与家族危险因素相互作用产生精神分裂症，也会 得到考验

The long-term objective of this grant is to advance understanding of the etiologic role of obstetric complications (OCs), and their relation to brain and neuropsychological abnormalities in schizophrenia. If OCs are shown to be etiologically significant it could have important health implications, by adding significantly to the knowledge on which improved treatment, and ultimately primary prevention, of the disorder are based. The specific aims are to investigate relations among these variables, using a research and methods that involve obtaining OC data on the births and pregnancies of (a) 120 schizophrenic probands aged 20/45, (b) 120 psychiatrically normal control probands matched for age, gender, ethnicity, and handedness, and (c) 120 of the schizophrenic probands' similarly matched non-psychotic siblings. Diagnoses will use DSM-IV criteria, based on structured diagnostic-interviews (SCID), supplemented by chart review. OC scores will be obtained by applying published rating scales to obstetrical information from interviews with subjects' mothers, as well as from obstetrical records. OC, diagnostic, and neuropsychological test assessments will be made blindly with respect to each other and to MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) volumetric measures of key brain regions, including temporal and frontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus. We will test hypotheses that OC scores are significantly worse, and the volumes of key brain regions significantly lower, in schizophrenics than 'm either normal controls or patients' own siblings. We will also test whether OC scores are associated with the volume of key brain regions or with performance on particular types of neuropsychological tests. Key predictions of a "two-factor" etiologic model, in which OCs often interact with familial risk factors to produce schizophrenia, will also be tested.