QUASI-MONOCHROMATIC X-RAY SOURCE FOR MAMMOGRAPHY

用于乳房X线照相术的准单色X射线源

• 批准号: 6140973
• 负责人: Melvin Arthur Piestrup
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: ADELPHI TECHNOLOGY, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-04-15 至 2001-06-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6140973
• 关键词: X ray; beta radiation; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; diagnosis design /evaluation; energy source; image enhancement; mammography; particle accelerators; technology /technique development

The objective of the proposed research is to construct a prototype narrow- bandwidth x-ray source for medical imaging using a new, efficient hybrid radiator driven by a relativistic electron beam of moderate energy and current. The high x-ray yield (photons/electron) of the source permits the use of modest electron-beam currents preventing thermal damage to the radiator itself. Since the source is inherently collimated and quasi- monochromatic it will produce higher quality radiographic images while lowering the dose to the patient. A preliminary experiment has demonstrated intense quasi-monochromatic x-rays in the range optimum for mammography. A preliminary calculation of the x-ray yield will be expanded to include various parameter ranges where different x-ray generation mechanisms dominate. The research will proceed by optimizing the design of the hybrid radiator and experimentally demonstrate its feasibility by use of a compact betatroN wherein the electrons are recycled through the radiator many times. The later will increase the overall system efficiency many times. The potential for successful development of the prototype imaging system is very high because our preliminary experiment has demonstrated efficient narrow-bandwidth x-ray generation in the region optimal for mammography. We will show that these results indicate that a high quality mammogram can be generated in less than 3 seconds. PROPOSED COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS: An efficient x-ray source with characteristics similar to the synchrotron has benefits of making high x-ray fluxes more accessible without radiator damage. This work is directly applicable to mammography since the directional-, quasi-monochromatic-source permits reduced scattering while the narrow bandwidth and frequency selection optimizes contrast and reduces dose.

所提出的研究的目的是构建一个原型的窄带宽的X射线源的医学成像使用一种新的，高效的混合辐射器驱动的相对论电子束的中等能量和电流。该源的高X射线产率（光子/电子）允许使用适度的电子束电流，防止对辐射器本身的热损伤。由于源本身是准直的和准单色的，因此它将产生更高质量的射线照相图像，同时降低对患者的剂量。 初步实验已经证明了在乳房X射线摄影的最佳范围内的强准单色X射线。初步计算的X射线产量将扩大到包括各种参数范围，其中不同的X射线产生机制占主导地位。该研究将通过优化混合辐射器的设计进行，并通过使用紧凑的betatroN，其中电子通过辐射器多次循环，实验证明其可行性。 后者将使整个系统的效率提高许多倍。原型成像系统的成功开发的潜力是非常高的，因为我们的初步实验已经证明了有效的窄带宽X射线生成的区域中的最佳乳房X射线摄影。 我们将证明，这些结果表明，可以在不到3秒的时间内生成高质量的乳房X线照片。拟议的商业应用：具有类似于同步加速器的特性的高效X射线源具有使高X射线通量更容易获得而不损坏辐射器的益处。这项工作是直接适用于乳房X线摄影，因为定向，准单色源允许减少散射，而窄带宽和频率选择优化对比度，降低剂量。