NOVEL OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS AND SHORT PULSE LASER SURGERY

新颖的光学诊断和短脉冲激光手术

• 批准号: 2888493
• 负责人: JAMES G FUJIMOTO
• 金额: $ 24.42万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2888493
• 关键词: Macaca fascicularis; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biological models; diagnosis design /evaluation; endoscopy; eye disorder diagnosis; eye laser surgery; eye surgery; fiber optics; glaucoma test; histology; interferometry; laboratory rabbit; lasers; membrane model; method development; noninvasive diagnosis; photocoagulation therapy; photography; retina disorder; time resolved data; tissues; vitreous body

This program is a continuation of a collaborative research effort between investigators at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. Our program is multidisciplinary and combines state of the art laser and optical measurement technology with biomedical and medical research. Our objective is twofold: To explore new techniques to selectively enhance desired therapeutic laser tissue effects and to develop diagnostics of laser tissue interaction and microstructure in biological systems. The specific aims of this program are to: 1) Investigate ultrashort pulse laser induced optical breakdown as an approach for performing highly localized surgical incisions of intraocular structures using newly developed variable pulse duration and variable high repetition rate laser technology. Our investigation will include studies of fundamental physical incision and collateral damage using clinically relevant biological models in vitro. Applications to intraocular surgery will be explored using a vitreal membrane model and retinal injury studies in vivo. The basic premise of the ultrashort pulse scalpel is to use pulse duration to control collateral damage and multiple high repetition rate exposure to accumulate the desired effects of tissue incision. The development of an intraocular laser treatment capable of highly localized incisions with minimal collateral damage would have applications for a wide range of vitreal retinal conditions. 2) Develop optical ranging using coherence interferometry as a diagnostic for use either independently or in conjunction with intraocular laser surgery. This optical ranging technique is noncontacting, uses a compact laser diode source, requires low incident power levels (10 mu W) and provides a spatial resolution of 10 mum with sensitivity to reflected signals of 1 part in 1010. A clinically viable optical ranging device using fiber optic technology will be developed. Extensions of this technique such as scanning or using multiple wavelengths to distinguish differences in histological structure will be explored. Finally, optical ranging will be applied for measurements of retinal thickness and evaluated as a diagnostic for glaucoma using an animal model. The development of a noncontact method with superior resolution to ultrasound would permit real time monitoring of intraocular laser surgery and would have numerous medical diagnostic applications. 3) Finally as an extension of concepts demonstrated in our ultrashort pulse studies, we will perform pilot studies to explore methods for achieving highly localized thermal effects using multiple pulse exposure techniques with high power solid state IR lasers and dye enhanced absorption in a retinal vessel model.

该计划是双方合作研究的延续 马萨诸塞州理工学院的调查人员和 马萨诸塞州眼耳医院。 我们的课程是多学科的， 结合了最先进的激光和光学测量技术， 生物医学和医学研究。 我们的目标是双重的：探索新的 选择性增强所需激光治疗组织效果的技术 并开发激光组织相互作用和微观结构的诊断 在生物系统中。 该方案的具体目标是：1） 超短脉冲激光诱导光学击穿的研究 用于进行高度局部化的眼内手术切口 使用新开发的可变脉冲持续时间和可变高 重复频率激光技术 我们的调查将包括 基本物理切口和附带损伤的临床使用 相关的体外生物学模型。 眼内手术应用 将使用玻璃体膜模型和视网膜损伤研究进行探索 in vivo. 超短脉冲手术刀的基本前提是利用脉冲 持续时间，以控制附带损害和多次高重复率 暴露以积累组织切割的期望效果。 的 眼内激光治疗的发展， 附带损伤最小的切口将适用于广泛的 玻璃体视网膜疾病的范围。 2)开发光学测距， 相干干涉测量法作为诊断方法， 眼内激光手术。 这种光学测距技术 是非接触式的，使用紧凑的激光二极管源，需要低入射 功率级（10 μ W），并提供10 μ m的空间分辨率， 对反射信号的灵敏度为1/1010。 临床上可行的 将开发利用光纤技术的光学测距装置。 该技术的扩展，例如扫描或使用多个波长 以区分组织学结构的差异。 最后，光学测距将被应用于视网膜的测量。 厚度，并使用动物模型评估为青光眼的诊断。 开发了一种具有上级分辨率的非接触方法， 超声将允许对眼内激光手术进行真实的实时监测 并且将具有许多医疗诊断应用。 3)最后，作为 在我们的超短脉冲研究中所展示的概念的扩展，我们将 开展试点研究，探索实现高度本地化的方法 使用高功率多脉冲曝光技术的热效应 视网膜血管中固体红外激光和染料增强吸收 模型