PATHWAYS FOR YOUTH--RISK AND RESILIENCE

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：在 青春期被概念化为年轻人 克服背景风险，如贫困、家庭压力和产妇 精神疾病，取得比预期更好的结果 这些风险因素。提高弹性的特征(自我 能力和效能、社交和关系技能、乐观主义和 积极的自我形象)被认为是影响的中介和缓和 风险因素对结果的影响。然而，人们对此知之甚少。 过程，特别是对高危青年。我们发展了一种社会性 非裔美国人身份和面向未来的情景模式， 可能的自我作为提高韧性的特征。正在研究的 高中生弹性促进特征随时间的影响 非洲裔美国青年的风险至关重要，因为这些青年 患抑郁症、品行障碍的特殊风险--表现或 违法行为，学校表现不佳，也许还有其他 有问题的心理健康结果。 拟议的研究建立在已经收集的关于一名代表的数据的基础上 底特律地区患有精神疾病的母亲样本；母亲 将被重新面谈两次，并在5年内进行跟踪(NIMH赠款 R01 MH54321-01，Mowbray和Oyserman)。在目前的研究中，我们将 目标是180名有9-16岁孩子的非裔美国母亲 第一次面谈(1995-1996年)。青年将分两点接受采访 在时间上：最初的2年后，当母亲采访青春时 年龄11-17岁；第二年12-18岁的年轻人也是。 产妇访谈的重点是青年的风险资源因素(产妇 历史、家庭关系、物质生态)。青年访谈将 聚焦韧性提升因素。将使用人口普查区块数据 作为生态风险的额外衡量标准。教师、家长和青年 CBCL评估将构成成果衡量的一个组成部分；学校 第二种表现；症状学(CDI、RCMAS和DIS-C) 第三部分。青年和产妇CBCL报告将在 这两个访谈，以及青年RCMAS，CDI，以允许因果建模 控制之前的结果，同时将获得其他结果 只在第二次面试中。对这些纵向数据的检验 将使我们能够得出关于青年复原力在 调解和/或缓和风险和资源因素对 青春的结果。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Resilience in adolescence has been conceptualized as the process by which youths overcome contextual risks, such as poverty, family stress and maternal mental illness, attaining better outcomes than would be expected given these risk factors. Resiliency promoting characteristics (self- competence and efficacy, social and relational skills, optimism and a positive-self-image) are viewed as mediating and moderating the impact of risk factors on outcomes. Yet not enough is known about this process, especially for high risk youths. We developed a socially contextualized model of African American identity and future-oriented, possible selves as resiliency promoting characteristics. Studying the influence of resiliency promoting characteristics over time among high risk African American youths is critical because these youth are at particular risk of depression, conduct disorders - acting out or delinquent behaviors, school underperformance, and perhaps other problematic mental health outcomes. The proposed study builds on data already collected on a representative sample of mothers with a mental illness in the Detroit area; mothers will be reinterviewed twice and tracked over 5 year period (NIMH grant R01 MH54321-01, Mowbray and Oyserman). In the current study we will target the 180 African American mothers with children aged 9-16 at the first interview (1995-1996). Youth will be interviewed at two points in time: First 2 years after the original maternal interview when youth are aged 11-17; and again the following year when youth are aged 12-18. Maternal interviews focus on risk-resource factors for youth (maternal history, family-relational, material-ecological). Youth interviews will focus on resiliency promoting factors. Census block data will be used as an additional measure of ecological risk. Teacher, parent and youth CBCL assessments will form one component of the outcome measures; school performance the second; and symptomology (CDI, RCMAS, and the DIS-C) the third component. Youth and maternal CBCL reports will be obtained at both interviews, as will youth RCMAS, CDI, to allow for causal modeling controlling for prior outcomes while the other outcomes will be obtained in the second interview only. Examination of these longitudinal data will allow for strong conclusions about the role of youth resiliency in mediating and/or moderating the impact of risk and resource factors on youth outcomes.