Queer Theory in France

酷儿理论是一个总称，它描述了一种研究性别和性行为的多学科方法，自20世纪90年代初在英美学术界建立以来，它就越来越受欢迎。酷儿理论广泛地借鉴了战后法国主要思想家的作品，特别是福柯、德里达和拉康。然而，在法国，酷儿理论不仅比英国和美国建立得相对较晚，而且还在努力争取在学术机构中占据一席之地。这个项目首先调查了为什么存在这样的差异，并提出要研究法国战后哲学在英美酷儿理论家手中的转变，以及最近酷儿理论在法国语境中的重新翻译。在这种文化间的思想交流中，我们得到了什么，又失去了什么？我们将在不同的法律、社会、政治和制度背景下重新审视酷儿理论，以解释酷儿理论在法国的显著滞后。在这样做的过程中，该项目将促进来自这三个国家背景的酷儿理论家之间迅速发展的对话。该项目将探讨以下问题：-第一波英美酷儿理论是如何利用并改造其法国影响的？-当酷儿理论在法国国家背景下被重新定义时，它又是如何转变的？-法国社会、政治、学术和法律制度的哪些具体特征决定了酷儿理论在多大程度上被接受或拒绝？-精神分析作为一种话语和制度是如何影响这一进程的，考虑到它在法国更大的文化分量？为什么酷儿理论更容易被一些法国学术部门（历史、社会学）吸收，而不是其他部门（文学）？-在英、美、法三国，基层LGBTQ运动，特别是艾滋病运动，在理论辩论中有何不同？-英国、美国和法国对同性恋分离主义/同化问题的处理有何不同？-为什么英国、美国和法国对“无鞍”（不安全）性行为的讨论方式不同？-通过研究这些差异可以得到什么？它们在历史上是不可逾越的吗？在这三个国家的背景下，酷儿理论家和活动人士之间的对话将如何重振这三个国家的酷儿理论和LGBTQ社区的文化？

Queer theory is an umbrella term describing a multi-disciplinary approach to the study of gender and sexuality that has grown in popularity since it first became established in the Anglo-American academic world in the early 1990s. Queer theory borrowed extensively from the work of leading French thinkers of the post-war period, in particular Foucault, Derrida and Lacan. However, in France itself queer theory has not only established itself relatively late in comparison with the UK and the US, but indeed is still fighting to gain a stronghold in academic institutions. This project begins as an investigation into why such a discrepancy exists, and proposes to look into both the transformation of French post-war philosophy in the hands of Anglo-American queer theorists, as well as the more recent re-translation of queer theory back into the French context. What has been gained and lost in this intercultural traffic of ideas? We shall re-examine queer theory in the light of the different legal, social, political, and institutional contexts with a view to accounting for the striking belatedness of queer theory in France. In so doing, the project will foster the burgeoning dialogue between queer theorists from all three national contexts. The project will address the following questions:- How did the first wave of Anglo-American queer theory make use of and transform its French influences?- How, in turn, has queer theory been transformed as it has been reinscribed in the French national context?- What specific features of French social, political, academic and legal institutions inform the extent to which queer theory is emabraced or rejected?- How has psychoanalysis as discourse and institution influenced this process, bearing in mind its greater cultural weight in France?- Why has queer theory been more easily absorbed in some French academic departments (history, sociology) than in others (literature)?- What are the differences between the way grass-roots LGBTQ activism, and in particular HIV/AIDS activism, engages with theoretical debates in the UK, the US and France?- How is the issue of gay separatism/assimilation treated differently in the UK, the US and France?- Why is the debate around 'bareback' (unsafe) sex conducted differently in the UK, the US and France?- What can be gained by examining such differences? Are they historically insurmountable? How would a dialogue between queer theorists and activists working in the three national contexts reinvigorate both queer theory and the cultures of LGBTQ communities across all three nations?