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Evolution in music publishing: economic strategies, business models and copyright.

音乐出版的演变：经济战略、商业模式和版权。

基本信息

批准号：
AH/L004666/1
负责人：
Ruth Marilyn Towse
金额：
$ 18.66万
依托单位：
Bournemouth University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FL004666%2F1
关键词：
Evolution music publishing economic strategies

项目摘要

Every enterprise in the creative industries has concerns and aspirations about the impact of new technologies, what business models it should adopt and what protection can and should be offered by copyright law. Music publishing is an old established industry that has adapted to successive technological and institutional changes, especially copyright law, by adopting different strategies and business models. While producing essentially the same product - namely services for access to composed music - it moved from one form of exploitation to another: from selling sheet music to securing performances, to licensing sound recordings, to syndication through radio and TV broadcasting, to advertising licensing, and to the assembly and exploitation of back catalogue. How it has survived and what historical and economic factors can explain those adaptations make for an exemplary case study to understand the future of creative industries in the digital age.The research focuses on the economic history of the publishing industry over a period of time of two centuries. Its objective is to understand the process of adaptation to many-sided changes (technological, institutional and economic). The purpose is to shed light on how to react to the opportunities and threats posed by digitisation and what combination of market-based strategies and public policies seems appropriate to achieve sustained growth.Our research method consists of selecting a number of long lasting works/titles and tracing their product cycle according to certain key variables. The sample includes a large number of works that have been exploited over a long period of time in different technological and institutional contexts and across different jurisdictions. The research traces the product cycle of each musical work by using a series of parameters, such as form of publication, changes of ownership, marketing strategies, performance history, business model, and so on. It then tries to explain the changes in the forms of exploitation by applying a multivariate analysis which takes into account a series of factors, like costs and revenues, impact of technological change, complementarity and substitutability between product forms (eg. live performance vs. sound recording), and the impact of legislative change (eg. extension of copyright terms). The research aims at responding to a straightforward question: What factors explain the economic survival of the music publishing industry across technological, economic and institutional changes?The project addresses this question by adopting an inter-disciplinary approach which combines cultural economics and copyright law specialists with particular expertise in the historical development of the music industry.

对于新技术的影响、应该采用什么样的商业模式以及版权法能够和应该提供什么样的保护，每个创意产业企业都有所担忧和渴望。音乐出版是一个古老的行业，通过采取不同的策略和商业模式，适应了连续的技术和制度变革，特别是版权法。虽然生产本质上相同的产品——即获取创作音乐的服务——但它从一种利用形式转向了另一种形式：从销售乐谱到确保表演、到许可录音、到通过广播和电视广播进行联合、到广告许可、以及到收集和利用过往目录。它是如何生存下来的，以及哪些历史和经济因素可以解释这些变化，为理解数字时代创意产业的未来提供了一个典型的案例研究。该研究重点关注出版业两个世纪以来的经济历史。其目标是了解适应多方面变化（技术、制度和经济）的过程。目的是阐明如何应对数字化带来的机遇和威胁，以及基于市场的战略和公共政策的何种组合似乎适合实现持续增长。我们的研究方法包括选择一些持久的作品/作品，并根据某些关键变量追踪其产品周期。该样本包括大量在不同技术和制度背景下以及不同司法管辖区长期被利用的作品。该研究通过出版形式、所有权变更、营销策略、演出历史、商业模式等一系列参数来追踪每部音乐作品的产品周期。然后，它试图通过应用多元分析来解释利用形式的变化，该分析考虑了一系列因素，如成本和收入、技术变革的影响、产品形式之间的互补性和替代性（例如现场表演与录音）以及立法变化的影响（例如版权期限的扩展）。该研究旨在回答一个简单的问题：哪些因素可以解释音乐出版业在技术、经济和制度变革中的经济生存？该项目通过采用跨学科方法来解决这个问题，该方法结合了文化经济学和版权法专家以及音乐产业历史发展的特殊专业知识。