Identifying and Mapping Design Impact and Value

设计已经从一个单独的创意声音转变为一个也被视为其他人创造力的促进者，通过私人和公共组织的参与式方法与利益相关者合作。苹果（Apple）、耐克（Nike）和宝洁（P&G）等跨国公司被广泛认为在一段时间内采用了以设计为主导的方法来推动创新。与此同时，公共和第三部门组织对设计创新的使用正在增长。例子包括英格兰东北部的时代设计（DOTT）项目（2007年）和康沃尔郡的后续项目（2009年）所产生的服务创新项目；以及丹麦的MindLab部门，这是一个跨政府创新部门，涉及公民和企业，为公共部门开发新的解决方案。随着设计转向改善公共服务用户的结果，设计师们正朝着与政策制定和服务提供组织建立长期合作伙伴关系和协作知识交流的过程发展。为了使设计方法的影响有效，必须证明并以所有涉众都可以访问的语言清楚地传达设计方法的影响。因此，不仅要以案例研究的形式记录影响，还要确定组织所重视的设计特征，以帮助内部项目团队建立一个令人信服的案例，将设计作为其组织的核心竞争力。因此，本研究的目的是了解和记录设计主导的方法如何被不同的利益相关者群体所重视，并特别关注公共和第三部门的服务环境。首先，我们必须从项目利益相关者的角度来规划这些项目的影响。这些见解将为多维度案例的创建提供信息，从三个互补的角度来确定设计的影响和价值：设计团队、项目团队和服务用户。其次，我们将这些不同的观点带入一个研讨会环境中，以一种支持的方式记录和讨论不同的价值观和观点。这些见解将使研究团队能够比较和对比设计在公共和第三部门组织中的感知和价值差异。最后的案例将以一种跨部门共享的语言编写，以展示与设计师合作的定性好处。通过可分享的案例，以多角度和学术严谨的方式确定设计的价值，将有助于在公共和第三部门组织内建立能力和创新意愿。

Design has transitioned from being represented by the lone creative voice to one that is also seen as a facilitator of other people's creativity, working in collaboration with stakeholders through participatory approaches in private and public organisations. Multi-national companies like Apple, Nike and P&G are widely recognised to have embraced the use of Design-led approach to drive innovation for some time. At the same time, the use of design innovation in public and third sector organisations is growing. Examples includes service innovation projects resulting from the Design of the Times (DOTT) programme in the North East of England (2007) and in the subsequent programme based in Cornwall (2009); and the MindLab unit in Denmark which was set up as a cross-governmental innovation unit involving citizens and businesses in developing new solutions for the public sector. As Design moves into improving outcomes for public service users, designers are moving towards longer-term partnerships and a process of collaborative knowledge exchange with policy making and service delivery organisations. For this to be effective the impact of a Design approach has to be evidenced and clearly communicated in a language accessible to all stakeholders. Hence the importance of not just documenting the impact in the form of case studies, but also identifying the characteristics of design that organisations value in order to help internal project teams build a convincing case for the inclusion of design as a core competency in their organisation.The aim of this research therefore is to understand and document how Design-led approaches are valued by different groups of stakeholders and is specifically focused on public and third sector service context. Firstly, we have to map out the impact of these projects from the perspective of the project stakeholders. These insights will inform the creation of multi-dimensional case examples that identify the impact and value of design as understood from three complementary perspectives: the design team, project team and the service users. Secondly, we bring these multiple perspectives into a workshop setting to allow diverging values and opinions to be recorded and discussed in a supportive way. These insights will enable the research team to compare and contrast differences in how design is perceived and valued in public and third sector organisations. The final case examples will be written in way that demonstrates the qualitative benefit of working with designers, in a language which is sharable across sectors. By identifying the value of design in a multi-perspectival and academically rigorous way through sharable case examples will help build capacity and appetite for innovation within public and third sector organisations.