Improving Cultural Work: combating inequality and exclusion in the cultural and creative industries

改善文化工作:消除文化和创意产业中的不平等和排斥

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    AH/L015188/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 3.05万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2014 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The cultural and creative industries have been subject to growing academic and policy interest, identified as a key growth sector and central to the nation's economic wellbeing and recovery from the recession. Yet, while they have been celebrated as 'cool, creative and egalitarian' (Gill 2002) and proposed as a model for future work in post-industrialised 'knowledge economies,' entry to the sector is highly competitive and access is inconsistent, marked by unclear entry routes, internships and other forms of unpaid work, and informal recruitment. Once in the cultural industries, the preponderance of freelance, short-term contracts, unpaid or low-paid work, long working hours and poor job security make sustaining a career difficult, especially for those with caring responsibilities. The combination of narrow labour market entry routes and precarious working conditions has adverse implications for Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) groups, women and those from working class backgrounds, all of whom are under-represented. For example, women make up a third of the Music workforce and BME representation in London's creative media sector is just 11%, far lower than London's workforce as a whole (24%) (Creative & Cultural Skills 2008; Creative Skillset, 2010 2011). Such figures are causing increasing anxiety in policy circles as well as among civil society organisations such as trade unions. This has been exemplified by the furore over unpaid internships which are seen to restrict access to the cultural sectors, as well as other significant professions such as politics and the law (Cabinet Office, 2009). Similar issues have been noted and are the subject of policy debate in Canada,the USA and some parts of Continental Europe (Cohen & De Pueter, 2013) and the network is deliberately international in participation, to allow us not only to undertake comparative analysis but also to learn from more activist policy regimes, notably in Canada.While there exists a growing and important volume of academic work on precariousness and creative labour, some of which illuminates the difficulties of sustaining careers in the cultural sector, there has been somewhat less attention paid to the experiences of accessing and working in the sector among under-represented groups. Where this has been addressed, attention has tended to focus on more visible issues of difference and exclusion, such as gender and ethnicity, rather than social class. This is problematic, as social class exclusion is likely to intersect strongly with other sources of disadvantage, as its effects range from exclusion from social networks formed at school or university, to the difficulty of sustaining unpaid work and feelings of misfit and of 'not belonging' in predominantly middle-class spaces and work environments. Addressing the absence of attention to the intersectional nature of inequalities - where gender, race, or disability are often looked at in isolation and bracketed off from each other - and exploring ways to improve the data and evidence collection in this and the other areas, is the core activity of this network. We want to understand issues of entry to the sector (unpaid work, social networks, geographic marginalisation); sustaining a career (seen to be particularly problematic for women) and quality of working life. The seminars are carefully designed to address these issues in a systematic way. The network will draw on research from the UK and internationally, and will involve not just academic researchers but a wide range of participants from industry, civil society and government. The aim is not just to add to academic work in this area, but also to inform policy development and civil society activism as a way of improving both the quality of working life and the diversity of participation in the cultural sectors globally.
文化创意产业已经受到越来越多的学术和政策的关注,被确定为一个关键的增长部门,对国家的经济福祉和从衰退中复苏至关重要。然而,尽管他们被誉为“酷、有创意和平等”(Gill 2002),并被提议作为后工业化“知识经济”未来工作的典范,但进入该行业的竞争非常激烈,而且准入不一致,其特点是准入路线不明确,实习和其他形式的无偿工作,以及非正式招聘。一旦进入文化产业,自由职业者、短期合同、无薪或低薪工作的优势、工作时间长和工作保障差,使得维持职业生涯变得困难,特别是对那些有照顾责任的人。狭窄的劳动力市场进入途径和不稳定的工作条件相结合,对黑人和少数民族(BME)群体、妇女和工人阶级背景的人产生了不利影响,所有这些群体的代表性都不足。例如,女性占音乐工作人员的三分之一,而伦敦创意媒体部门的BME代表仅为11%,远低于伦敦整体劳动力(24%)(创意与文化技能2008;创意技能,2010 - 2011)。这些数字在政策圈以及工会等民间社会组织中引起了越来越大的焦虑。无薪实习被视为限制进入文化部门以及政治和法律等其他重要职业(内阁办公室,2009年),这一点已经得到了例证。类似的问题已经被注意到,并且是加拿大,美国和欧洲大陆部分地区政策辩论的主题(Cohen & De Pueter, 2013),该网络故意国际化参与,使我们不仅可以进行比较分析,还可以从更积极的政策制度中学习,特别是在加拿大。虽然关于不稳定和创造性劳动的学术工作越来越多,数量越来越多,其中一些说明了在文化部门维持职业生涯的困难,但对代表性不足的群体进入该部门并在该部门工作的经历的注意较少。在解决这个问题的地方,注意力往往集中在更明显的差异和排斥问题上,例如性别和种族,而不是社会阶级。这是有问题的,因为社会阶层排斥很可能与其他不利因素强烈交叉,因为它的影响范围从在学校或大学形成的社会网络被排斥,到维持无薪工作的困难,以及在以中产阶级为主的空间和工作环境中不适应和“不属于”的感觉。该网络的核心活动是解决对不平等现象的交叉性缺乏关注的问题——性别、种族或残疾往往被孤立地看待,并相互分开看待——并探索改进这一领域和其他领域的数据和证据收集的方法。我们想了解进入该行业的问题(无偿工作、社交网络、地理边缘化);维持职业生涯(对女性来说尤其成问题)和工作生活质量。这些研讨会经过精心设计,以系统的方式处理这些问题。该网络将利用英国和国际上的研究成果,不仅包括学术研究人员,还包括来自工业界、民间社会和政府的广泛参与者。其目的不仅是增加这一领域的学术工作,而且还为政策制定和民间社会活动提供信息,作为改善全球工作生活质量和文化部门参与多样性的一种方式。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Learning to labour unequally: understanding the relationship between cultural production, cultural consumption and inequality
学习不平等的劳动:理解文化生产、文化消费与不平等之间的关系
  • DOI:
    10.1080/13504630.2015.1128800
  • 发表时间:
    2016
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0.9
  • 作者:
    Oakley K
  • 通讯作者:
    Oakley K
Co-operatives in the creative industries
创意产业合作社
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2018
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Boyle, D
  • 通讯作者:
    Boyle, D
The dance goes on forever? Art schools, class and UK higher education
Cultural Capital: Arts Graduates, Spatial Inequality, and London's Impact on Cultural Labor Markets
文化资本:艺术毕业生、空间不平等以及伦敦对文化劳动力市场的影响
  • DOI:
    10.1177/0002764217734274
  • 发表时间:
    2017
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.2
  • 作者:
    Oakley K
  • 通讯作者:
    Oakley K
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Kate Oakley其他文献

Cakes and ale: the role of culture in the new municipalism
蛋糕和啤酒:文化在新市政主义中的作用
  • DOI:
    10.1080/09548963.2024.2344468
  • 发表时间:
    2024
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.1
  • 作者:
    Mark Banks;Kate Oakley
  • 通讯作者:
    Kate Oakley

Kate Oakley的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Kate Oakley', 18)}}的其他基金

Creating Space: A re-evaluation of the role of culture in regeneration
创造空间:重新评估文化在再生中的作用
  • 批准号:
    AH/L01436X/1
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.05万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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    数学天元基金项目

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