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Roman and Late Antique Artefacts from Egypt: Understanding Society and Culture

来自埃及的罗马和晚期古董文物：了解社会和文化

基本信息

批准号：
AH/P008704/1
负责人：
Ellen Swift
金额：
$ 38.9万
依托单位：
University of Kent
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FP008704%2F1
关键词：
Roman Late Antique Artefacts Egypt

项目摘要

The research project will be the first in-depth study of the society and culture of Roman and Late Antique Egypt that uses everyday artefacts as its principal source of evidence. In this way it will transform our understanding of social experience and social relations in Roman and Late Antique Egypt. UK museums hold significant collections of artefacts from Roman and Late Antique Egypt (c. 30 B.C. to A.D. 700) as a result of archaeological excavations carried out in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Yet because scholarly interest has focused on the Egypt of the Pharaohs, and on evidence about Egypt from ancient texts, most of these objects have never been studied. This situation is likely to continue, since most UK museums and universities do not have any specialists with relevant expertise. We will focus on the collection of UCL's Petrie Museum, one of the largest and best-documented in the UK, designated by the UK govt. in 1998 as of 'outstanding importance'. The collection contains more than 8000 objects dating to the periods under study, most of which have not been the subject of any research. Moreover, the collection includes many objects that rarely survive elsewhere, and so is very important in terms of our overall understanding of Roman artefacts across the empire. By examining the features of artefacts, the materials they were made from, evidence of modification that shows how they were used in daily life, and associated texts that provide further information, we will investigate aspects of social behaviour and experience and shed new light on daily life in Roman and Late Antique Egypt. We are particularly interested in investigating how experiences may have differed among people with varying status in society (children, adults, people of different social class), which can be investigated by examining objects that can be associated with these particular groups. By examining aspects such as wear and repair, we will also investigate the personal and sentimental meanings that may have been attached to objects. The categories of objects that we will study will comprise ordinary everyday artefacts such as dress accessories, shoes, toys, simple musical instruments such as bells, clappers and rattles, and other domestic items. The potential of the material to transform understanding is amply demonstrated through pilot studies of selected artefact categories from Roman and Late Antique Egypt (baskets, dice, reed pens, and feeding bottles) already undertaken by the investigators and researcher on the project. These studies show that the research value of Roman material culture from Egypt is immense, and that similar approaches to a much wider data-set of everyday artefacts are likely to yield extremely significant results.The research will bring together specialists in the interpretation of ancient Egyptian texts, and archaeological artefacts, drawing on new methodologies and interpretative approaches including the experimental recreation of objects using new technologies. It will result in a co-authored book that will be a significant departure from extant previous studies of the social history of Roman and Late Antique Egypt in its focus on artefact evidence. Further outputs will include a journal article on the 3D scanning and recreation of objects, online teaching and research resources for schools and universities, a workshop for museums and academics, and a museum display at the Petrie Museum open to the general public.The museum display will present our research on the simple musical instruments in particular, displaying the originals from the Petrie collection, prototypes & replicas made via 3D scanning/printing technology (which may be handled and played by visitors), the sounds that can be made using the replica artefacts, and our interpretation of how the artefacts would have been used to create particular experiences, for instance in religious and ritual activities.

这项研究项目将是第一次深入研究罗马和晚期古埃及的社会和文化，使用日常文物作为主要证据来源。通过这种方式，它将改变我们对罗马和晚期古埃及的社会经验和社会关系的理解。英国博物馆收藏了大量罗马和古埃及晚期(公元前30年至公元700年)的文物，这是19世纪末和20世纪初进行的考古发掘的结果。然而，由于学者们的兴趣主要集中在法老的埃及，以及古代文献中关于埃及的证据，这些文物中的大多数从未被研究过。这种情况很可能会持续下去，因为大多数英国博物馆和大学都没有任何具有相关专业知识的专家。我们将重点介绍伦敦大学学院皮特里博物馆的藏品，这是英国政府指定的英国最大和最有文献记载的博物馆之一。1998年被评为“突出的重要性”。该藏品包含了8000多件可以追溯到研究中的时期的物品，其中大多数都没有成为任何研究的主题。此外，这些收藏品包括许多在其他地方很少幸存下来的物品，因此对于我们对整个帝国的罗马文物的整体理解来说非常重要。通过研究文物的特征，它们的制作材料，显示它们如何在日常生活中使用的修改证据，以及提供进一步信息的相关文本，我们将调查社会行为和经验的各个方面，并揭示罗马和古埃及晚期的日常生活。我们特别感兴趣的是调查不同社会地位的人(儿童、成年人、不同社会阶层的人)的经历可能有什么不同，这可以通过检查与这些特定群体有关的对象来进行调查。通过检查磨损和维修等方面，我们还将调查物品可能具有的个人和情感意义。我们将研究的物品类别将包括普通的日常文物，如服装饰品、鞋子、玩具，简单的乐器，如铃铛、拍子和响铃，以及其他家居用品。该项目的调查人员和研究人员已经对罗马和古埃及晚期的文物类别(篮子、骰子、芦苇围栏和奶瓶)进行了初步研究，充分证明了这种材料改变理解的潜力。这些研究表明，来自埃及的罗马物质文化的研究价值是巨大的，对更广泛的日常文物数据集进行类似的方法可能会产生极其重要的结果。这项研究将汇集古埃及文本和考古文物解释方面的专家，利用新的方法和解释方法，包括使用新技术对物品进行实验性再创造。这将导致一本合著的书，这将与现有的关于罗马和晚期古埃及社会史的研究有很大的不同，因为它的重点是文物证据。其他成果将包括一篇关于物体的3D扫描和再创造的期刊文章，为学校和大学提供的在线教学和研究资源，为博物馆和学者举办的工作坊，以及在皮特里博物馆对公众开放的博物馆展览。博物馆展览将特别展示我们对皮特里收藏的简单乐器的研究，展示通过3D扫描/打印技术制作的原型和复制品(游客可以操作和演奏)，使用复制品可以发出的声音，以及我们对如何将这些文物用于创造特殊体验的解释，例如在宗教和仪式活动中。