The Encomium in Late Antiquity. The Rhetoric of Praise in Late Antique Greek Poetry

我的研究目的是调查古代晚期（公元4 - 6世纪）埃及的赞美诗，以产生一个修辞分析的赞美作品（纸莎草纸，铭文）。虽然在古代晚期之前，赞美诗就已经出现了，但在这一时期，它获得了特别的相关性和吸引力。颂赞诗回应了朝廷和普通民众的需求;这种对颂赞诗的需求使其在这个时代得以发展。有一些研究集中在恩科米亚的作者，但很少有具体的研究，特别是在古代埃及晚期的恩科米亚写在纸莎草纸。这个项目的主要重点是对纸莎草纸的赞美，因为它们对我们理解古代晚期赞美的日常使用至关重要。由于这些诗歌是在城市背景下创作的，它们非常重要，因为它们反映了当地的社会和政治动态，使我们能够理解赞美文学的实用功能。这些纸莎草纸上的诗歌文本可能是理解在学校学到的修辞戒律如何应用于与公民生活有关的特定场合（例如对已故公民的赞美，对婚礼的赞美）或在某些情况下对城市官员的赞美（例如对官员回家的赞美）的关键。文章从内容、修辞、文体等方面对赞美纸莎草进行了分析。从本文的选题出发，本文的研究目标主要有：1.以确定传统的主题，目前在encomiastic组成，直接来自修辞手册（首先是米南德修辞），并确定在何种程度上，后期古诗的影响修辞惯例和技术在学校教。这种对古代晚期诗歌的研究方法将使我们能够正确地将诗歌作为某些趋势和期望的产物。2.调查我的收集文本和散文（如加沙普罗科匹厄斯的颂词，或拉丁颂词）之间的关系，以确定可能的相互影响的例子。它提供了一个全面的修辞评论所有纸莎草encomia匿名作者（23文本）和两个章节专门用于修辞topoi的使用在encomia写的Dioscorus的Aphroditus（唯一的归属于一个诗人是肯定的）和修辞元素在荣誉诗铭文在埃及。事实上，它们都提供了对当地教育系统中所教授的修辞戒律以及这些指示的接受者的见解。这一选择的多样性将使人们更深入地了解这些诗歌在古代晚期是如何发挥实用和公共作用的，它遵循的代码，以及它与作者在学校接受的教育之间的关系。

My research aims to investigate encomiastic poetry in the late antiquity period (4th - 6th century AD) in Egypt, in order to produce a rhetorical analysis of a selection of encomiastic works (papyri, inscriptions). Although the encomiastic genre was already practiced before Late Antiquity, in this period it acquired particular relevance and appeal. Panegyric poetry responded to the demands of both the Imperial court and the general public; this demand for encomiastic poetry allowed its growth in this era. There have been several studies focusing on the authors of encomia, but few specific studies on encomia in late antique Egypt, especially those written on papyrus. The main focus of this project is the praise on papyrus as they are essential to our understanding of the daily use of praise in Late antiquity. Since these poems were created specifically within city contexts, they are extremely important because they reflect local social and political dynamics, allow us to understand the pragmatic function of praise literature. These poetic texts on papyrus may be the key to understanding how the rhetorical precepts learned at school were applied for specific occasions related to the life of citizens (such as praise for a deceased citizen, praise for a wedding) or in some cases for city officials (such as praise for an officer returning home). Encomiastic papyri are analysed from the point of view of content, rhetoric and literary style. Starting from my selection of texts, the main objectives of my research are: 1. to identify conventional themes, present in encomiastic compositions that were directly derived from rhetorical handbooks (first of all Menander Rhetor) and to determine the extent to which late antique poems were influenced by rhetorical conventions and techniques taught in schools. This approach to late antique poetry will enable us to correctly contextualize poems as products of certain trends and expectations. 2. to investigate the relationship between the texts of my collection and those in prose (such as the panegyrics of Procopius of Gaza, or the Latin panegyrics) to determine possible examples of mutual influence.3. It provides a comprehensive rhetorical commentary on all papyrus encomia by anonymous authors (23 texts) and two chapters specifically dedicated to the use of rhetorical topoi in the encomia written by Dioscorus of Aphroditus (the only ones whose attribution to a poet is certain) and to rhetorical elements in honorary verse inscriptions in Egypt. Indeed, they all offer insights into the rhetorical precepts taught in the local education system and the recipients of these instructions.The variety of this selection will allow a deeper understanding of how such poetry took on a pragmatic and public role in late antiquity, the codes it followed, and how it related to the education received by their authors in school.