UPPER AIRWAY INFLUENCE ON CONTROL OF BREATHING

上呼吸道对呼吸意志力控制的影响 被研究。将特别强调上呼吸道压力 条件反射。这种反射反应的几个方面将用一种 气管切开麻醉下的隔离上呼吸道准备 动物。这种反射反应的特异性将通过确定 上呼吸道压力变化对慢性阻塞性肺疾病呼吸活动的影响 各种上呼吸道肌肉。物种变异性和成熟化效应 反射反应的影响也将被调查。上呼吸道的影响 吸气和呼气持续时间的压力变化以及 将详细研究对最大横隔膜活动的影响。 此外，喉机械感受器对上呼吸道的反应 压力变化将被识别、本地化并做出响应 有记录在案。外周切开单个纤维的动作电位 记录喉上神经内支的末端，以便 这就是目的。上述研究可望提供有价值的 对维持上呼吸道通畅的洞察力以及 上呼吸道在控制呼吸中的作用。此外, 这些研究被认为与我们对呼吸暂停的理解有关 各种临床状态，如早产儿呼吸暂停、小儿麻痹症和睡眠 呼吸暂停。

Influences originating from the upper airway on control of breathing will be studied. Special emphasis will be given to an upper airway pressure reflex. Several aspects of this reflex response will be studied using an isolated upper airway preparation in tracheostomized, anesthetized animals. Specificity of this reflex response will be tested by determining the effects of upper airway pressure changes on the respiratory activity of various upper airway muscles. Species variability and maturational effects of the reflex response will also be investigated. Effects of upper airway pressure changes on inspiratory and expiratory duration as well as the effect on peak diaphragmatic activity will be studied in detail. Additionally, laryngeal mechanoreceptors responding to upper airway pressure changes will be identified, localized and their responses documented. Action potentials from the single fibers of the peripheral cut end of the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve will be recorded for this purpose. The above studies are anticipated to provide valuable insight into maintenance of upper airway patency as well as the contribution of upper airway in the control of breathing. In addition, these studies are viewed as relevant to our understanding of apnea seen in a variety of clinical states such as apnea of prematurity, SIDS and sleep apnea.