CONTROL OF BEATHING--INFLUENCES OF UPPER AIRWAY

呼吸的控制——上呼吸道的影响

• 批准号: 3344478
• 负责人: OOMMEN P MATHEW
• 金额: $ 11.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-08-01 至 1994-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3344478
• 关键词: apnea; body temperature; breast feeding; bronchospasm; denervation; disease /disorder model; dogs; electromyography; innervation; laboratory rabbit; laryngeal nerves; larynx muscle; mechanoreceptors; muscle tone; newborn animals; newborn human (0-6 weeks); paralysis; premature infant human; pulmonary respiration; respiratory airflow disorder; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory airway volume; respiratory hypoxia; sudden infant death syndrome; tracheotomy; vagotomy; videotape /videodisc

The overall objective of our research is to study the role of sensory influences originating from the upper airway on respiratory control in health and disease. We propose to continue studies on laryngeal afferents and reflexes in anesthetized spontaneously breathing adult dogs. In addition, developmental changes in upper airway functions will be studied in a neonatal dog model. Action potentials from single fibers of the superior laryngeal nerve and/or electromyogram of various upper airway muscles will be monitored together with esophageal pressure and laryngeal temperature in most studies. Their are five main objectives: 1) To elucidate the mechanism involved in reflex responses elicited by airflow through the upper airway. the proposed research should establish that either laryngeal mechanoreceptor inhibitor or cold receptor stimulation or both are responsible for the ventilatory depression observed during airflow through the upper airway in neonates, 2) To determine developmental changes in the effects of intralaryngeal CO2 on breathing pattern. A greater reflex inhibition of breathing by CO2 is predicted in neonates. 3) To determine the afferent pathway and characterize the response of afferent nerve endings mediating the bronchospasm observed during high frequency pressure oscillations in the upper airway, 4) To investigate the influences of changes in airway surface liquid composition and osmolality on the response of laryngeal afferents and characterize further the behavior of rapidly adapting laryngeal endings, 5) To determine the relative contribution of various upper airway muscle groups in the maintenance of upper airway patency. These studies should provide new information on the processes involved in upper airway maintenance and may clarify our understanding of the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea, neonatal apnea and sudden infant death syndrome.

我们研究的总体目标是研究感觉的作用， 上呼吸道对呼吸控制的影响 健康和疾病。 我们建议继续研究喉传入神经 麻醉的自主呼吸成年狗的反射。 在 此外，还将研究上呼吸道功能的发育变化 在新生狗模型中。 动作电位的单纤维的 上级喉上神经和/或各种上呼吸道肌电图 肌肉将与食管压力和喉压力一起监测。 温度在大多数研究中。 其主要目标有五个：（1） 阐明气流引起反射反应的机制 通过上呼吸道 拟议的研究应确定， 喉机械感受器抑制剂或冷感受器刺激，或 两者都是造成气流中所观察到的呼吸抑制的原因 通过新生儿的上呼吸道，2）确定发育变化 喉内二氧化碳对呼吸模式的影响。 更大 在新生儿中预测CO2引起的呼吸反射抑制。 3)到 确定传入通路并表征传入的反应 神经末梢介导的支气管痉挛观察期间高频率 上气道压力振荡，4）研究 气道表面液体成分和渗透压的变化 喉传入神经的反应，并进一步表征 快速适应的喉末梢，5）为了确定相对的 各种上气道肌肉群在维持 上呼吸道通畅 这些研究应提供新的信息， 参与上呼吸道维持的过程，并可能阐明我们的 了解阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的病理生理学，新生儿 呼吸暂停和婴儿猝死综合症。