Building Climate Resilience through Community, Landscapes and Cultural Heritage

通过社区、景观和文化遗产建立气候适应能力

• 批准号: AH/V003569/1
• 负责人: Neil Macdonald
• 金额: $ 41.27万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FV003569%2F1
• 关键词: Building; Climate; Resilience; through; Community

Landscapes, communities and individuals have historically and continue to cope and adapt to climate change, some through incremental changes (potentially unnoticed), whilst others make rapid adjustments, reflecting abrupt changes in their environment, through landscape loss and gain. However, the impact of these activities and the effectiveness of adaptations leaves traces in our modern landscape. Understanding how communities have interacted with their environments and adapted to changing circumstances provides a basis for examining how future changes may be managed and communicated through a variety of mechanisms, building resilience at a range of spatial and temporal scales across landscapes. Information on past adaptations is often recorded, but poorly integrated into discourses around community resilience. As a result communities can be ill equipped to make informed and appropriate adaptations for building climate resilient futures. This co-created project addresses this information and process gap. Geographical contexts and circumstances influence how people and communities experience the world and interact with their landscapes. Local knowledge, practices and experiences emerge in place and reflect their specific environment. These knowledge's, practices and experiences become embedded in materialistic and adaptation responses and behaviours, and technological developments. In doing so they make a distinctive contribution to community trajectories of vulnerability, adaptation and resilience over time. This work will afford important insights into how societies in the past have been affected by, coped with and conceptualized environmental changes. It will also explore the nature of the individual, community, institutional, regional and national responses and adaptations following these changes. These insights can help inform future climate resilience provision. Understanding and capturing local environmental knowledge is key to the successful development of community adaptation systems that embed uncertainties associated with climate change and assist communities to interact with their landscapes and environments sustainably. The project, co-developed with existing and new partners (Historic England; Fjordr; Staffordshire Record Office and Museum & Tasglann nan Eilean Siar - Museums and Archives of the Outer Hebrides) will investigate how communities have lived with and are living with and adapting to climate change to build climate resilient communities. Through the development of a toolkit we will support and facilitate decision making in respect to current landscapes and environments. The toolkit will develop a multifaceted approach of cataloguing features (historic, material and archival), supplemented with contemporary oral histories within a Geographical Information System (GIS), using an co-creation approach that engages with communities throughout the process. The project will help all of the partner institutions better appreciate the cultural and socio-economic implications of extreme weather and climate in the regions and communities within which they operate, and the ways in which they might anticipate future impacts in their work. This research addresses the current need of agencies and authorities (e.g. Historic England) for tools that facilitate understanding and value of cultural heritage and the ways in which it can underpin informed decisions about sustainable futures, which supports community communication and engagement in future decision making, which is fundamental in building resilient communities. There is clear potential for the toolkit to become an embedded aspect of future CCRA4 and of immediate value to environmental organisations and local/regional community groups (e.g. flood forums and local historical groups) and shape future policy debates (e.g. FCERM strategy) across the UK.

景观、社区和个人在历史上一直在科普和适应气候变化，有些是通过渐进式变化（可能未被注意到），而另一些则通过景观的损失和增益进行快速调整，反映其环境的突然变化。然而，这些活动的影响和适应的有效性在我们的现代景观中留下了痕迹。了解社区如何与其环境相互作用并适应不断变化的情况，为研究如何通过各种机制管理和传达未来的变化提供了基础，在各种时空尺度上建设各种景观的复原力。关于过去适应的信息经常被记录下来，但很少被纳入关于社区复原力的讨论中。因此，社区可能没有能力为建设气候抗御未来做出知情和适当的调整。这个共同创建的项目解决了这一信息和过程的差距。地理背景和环境影响着人们和社区如何体验世界以及如何与其景观互动。当地知识、做法和经验逐渐形成，并反映出其具体环境。这些知识、做法和经验已嵌入物质主义和适应性反应和行为以及技术发展之中。在这样做的过程中，它们对社区在脆弱性、适应性和复原力方面的长期发展轨迹作出了独特的贡献。这项工作将使人们对过去的社会如何受到环境变化的影响、如何应对环境变化以及如何将环境变化概念化有重要的了解。它还将探讨这些变化之后个人、社区、机构、区域和国家的反应和适应的性质。这些见解可以帮助为未来的气候适应能力提供信息。了解和掌握当地环境知识是成功发展社区适应系统的关键，这种系统包含与气候变化有关的不确定性，并协助社区可持续地与其景观和环境互动。该项目与现有和新的合作伙伴（历史英格兰; Fjordr;斯塔福德郡记录办公室和博物馆& Tasglann nan Eilean Siar -外赫布里底群岛的博物馆和档案馆）共同开发，将调查社区如何与气候变化一起生活，并适应气候变化，以建立气候适应性社区。通过开发工具包，我们将支持和促进当前景观和环境方面的决策。该工具包将制定一个多方面的方法，对各种特征（历史、材料和档案）进行编目，并在地理信息系统中辅之以当代口述历史，在整个过程中采用与社区共同创造的方法。该项目将帮助所有伙伴机构更好地了解极端天气和气候在其开展业务的地区和社区的文化和社会经济影响，以及它们在工作中预测未来影响的方式。这项研究解决了机构和当局（如历史英格兰）的工具，促进文化遗产的理解和价值，以及它可以支持有关可持续未来的知情决策的方式，支持社区沟通和参与未来的决策，这是建立弹性社区的根本。该工具包显然有可能成为未来CCRA 4的一个嵌入式方面，对环境组织和地方/区域社区团体（例如洪水论坛和地方历史团体）具有直接价值，并影响英国未来的政策辩论（例如FCERM战略）。

项目成果

Flood and Drought Poetry: Experiences of Weather Extremes in Staffordshire.

洪水和干旱诗歌：斯塔福德郡极端天气的经历。

• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Wardle Woodend M.

Understanding weather futures based on the past: a case of Stornoway, Outer Hebrides

根据过去了解天气未来：外赫布里底群岛斯托诺韦的案例

• DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2022.2158366
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Scottish Geographical Journal
• 影响因子: 1
• 作者: Macdonald N

Developing a large-scale dataset of flood fatalities for territories in the Euro-Mediterranean region, FFEM-DB.

为欧洲 - 中境地区FFEM-DB的领土造成了洪水死亡的大规模数据集。

• DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01273-x
• 发表时间: 2022-04-12
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC DATA
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Papagiannaki, Katerina;Petrucci, Olga;Diakakis, Michalis;Kotroni, Vassiliki;Aceto, Luigi;Bianchi, Cinzia;Brazdil, Rudolf;Gelabert, Miquel Grimalt;Inbar, Moshe;Kahraman, Abdullah;Kilic, Ozgenur;Krahn, Astrid;Kreibich, Heidi;Llasat, Maria Carmen;Llasat-Botija, Montserrat;Macdonald, Neil;de Brito, Mariana Madruga;Mercuri, Michele;Pereira, Susana;Rehor, Jan;Geli, Joan Rossello;Salvati, Paola;Vinet, Freddy;Zezere, Jose Luis
• 通讯作者: Zezere, Jose Luis

Extreme weather, school logbooks and social vulnerability: The Outer Hebrides, Scotland, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries

极端天气、学校日志和社会脆弱性：十九世纪末二十世纪初的苏格兰外赫布里底群岛

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2022.07.006
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Historical Geography
• 影响因子: 1
• 作者: Naylor S