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'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies'

“基于先进记录技术的印度地震多发遗产地区的可持续重建方法”

基本信息

批准号：
AH/V00638X/1
负责人：
Bernadette Devilat
金额：
$ 25.89万
依托单位：
Nottingham Trent University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FV00638X%2F1
关键词：
sustainable re construction method seismic

项目摘要

Buildings and public spaces in seismic-prone heritage areas are in constant risk of damage so their physical preservation implies continuous intervention. Despite the recurrence of earthquakes, responses are usually triggered afterwards, lacking mitigation strategies to diminish risks. Focusing on housing in heritage areas, emergency actions, long delays, poor repairs (if any), uncritical replication, and the impossibility to assess and respond to all affected buildings have characterised governmental reconstruction approaches in recent years in Chile (Devilat 2013)-yet not limited to that country. After earthquakes, heritage is not often a priority and is usually left in stand-by mode until specific solutions are developed. This may take several years, as occurred with the historic centre of L'Aquila after the 2009 earthquake; the heritage area of Amandola after the 2016 earthquake - both in Italy; or Zuñiga after the 2010 earthquake in Chile. After the 1993 and 2001 earthquakes, some heritage villages in India were completely relocated (Jigyasu 2002). All of this led to a displaced population, a key issue to avoid after a disaster (Boano, Zetter and Morris 2010). Damaged dwellings cannot be immediately reinforced to continue inhabitation; generating disruption. If buildings are repairable, the costs are high due to the difficulty to work with the existing remains. Large numbers of affected constructions make damage assessment difficult, impacting in slow and sometimes out-of-context responses. This proposal will tackle these issues by developing a sustainable approach based on 3D laser scanning, named as re-construction (Devilat 2013). She makes the distinction between reconstruction, understood as current strategies of replication 'as before' with re-construction, which she understands as to build again, as a step forward, respectful to the past but adaptable to ever-changing social, cultural and physical contexts. 3D laser scanning or LiDAR is a cutting-edge recording technology that captures the environment in one of the most accurate, fast and comprehensive ways currently possible, resulting in a digital, measurable coloured point-cloud with a precision of millimetres. Once the digital model of reality is obtained, it will offer the basis to achieve the research objectives.Re-using buildings is a sustainable mode of preservation. In seismic countries, constant maintenance could increase their resistance with smaller funding than of building anew. However, there is a knowledge gap in the tools available for rehabilitation in comparison with those available for new constructions (Pereira-Roders and Brand 2006), and more specifically, when trying to integrate the inhabitants and relevant stakeholders. This proposal is novel at five levels. First, by using a context of constant change resulting from earthquakes. Second, by focusing on housing instead of monumental heritage, representative of inhabitants' way of living as well as the character of heritage areas, and usually the most affected after earthquakes due to lack of maintenance. Third, by introducing technology to heritage conservation principles and the humanitarian sphere. Fourth, by extending 3D laser scanning as an effective surveying tool for a complete heritage area. Fifth, by establishing a user-led digital platform for conservation.The research will bring together the expertise on technology and re-construction of heritage areas through its PI Dr Devilat; state-of-the-art 3D laser scanning equipment from the CAUGH-NTU and knowledge on virtual heritage from Prof. Abdelmonem as Co-I; the specific knowledge of heritage in India of Dr Desai from CEPT CRDF; the Indian earthquake's expertise of Dr Jigyasu and platform for international dissemination and impact from his institution ICCROM; the local network and support for community participation of Hunnarshala as Project Partner in India; and the architectural knowledge of Dr Lanuza, Research Fellow.

地震多发地区的建筑物和公共空间经常面临损坏的风险，因此它们的物理保护意味着持续的干预。尽管地震一再发生，但反应通常是在地震之后触发的，缺乏减少风险的缓解战略。关注遗产区的住房、紧急行动、长期拖延、糟糕的维修(如果有的话)、不严格的复制，以及无法评估和应对所有受影响的建筑，这些都是近年来智利政府重建方法的特点(Devilat，2013年)--但不限于该国。地震过后，遗产往往不是优先事项，通常处于待命状态，直到制定出具体的解决方案。这可能需要几年时间，比如2009年地震后的L阿奎拉历史中心；2016年地震后的阿曼多拉遗产区--这两个地区都在意大利；或者2010年智利地震后的苏尼加。在1993年和2001年的地震之后，印度的一些遗产村被完全搬迁(Jigyasu，2002年)。所有这些都导致了人口流离失所，这是灾难发生后需要避免的一个关键问题(Boano，Zetter和Morris，2010)。受损的住房不能立即加固以继续居住；这会造成破坏。如果建筑物是可修复的，由于处理现有遗骸的难度很大，成本很高。大量受影响的建筑使损失评估变得困难，影响反应缓慢，有时甚至是断章取义。该提案将通过开发一种基于3D激光扫描的可持续方法来解决这些问题，该方法被命名为重建(Devilat 2013)。她将重建--被理解为当前的复制战略--与重建区分开来，她认为重建是向前迈出的一步，尊重过去，但能够适应不断变化的社会、文化和自然环境。3D激光扫描或LiDAR是一种尖端记录技术，它以目前可能的最准确、最快速和最全面的方式之一捕捉环境，产生精度为毫米的数字、可测量的彩色点云。一旦获得现实的数字模型，将为实现研究目标提供依据。再利用建筑是一种可持续的保护模式。在地震性国家，持续的维护可能会增加他们的阻力，而不是重新建设，而资金更少。然而，与可用于新建筑的工具(Pereira-Roders和Brand 2006)相比，可用于重建的工具存在知识差距，更具体地说，在试图整合居民和相关利益攸关方时。这一建议在五个层面上是新颖的。首先，通过使用地震引起的不断变化的背景。其次，通过关注房屋而不是纪念性遗产，代表了居民的生活方式以及遗产区的特点，通常也是地震后受影响最大的地区，因为缺乏维护。第三，将技术引入遗产保护原则和人道主义领域。第四，将3D激光扫描扩展为完整遗产区的有效测量工具。第五，建立一个以用户为主导的保护数字平台。这项研究将汇集以下方面的专门知识：遗产区的PI Dr Devilat技术和重建方面的专业知识；台湾国立大学最先进的3D激光扫描设备和作为Co-I的Abdelmonem教授关于虚拟遗产的知识；CEPT CRDF的Desai博士对印度遗产的专门知识；印度地震中Jigyasu博士和他的机构ICCROM国际传播和影响平台的专业知识；作为印度项目合作伙伴的Hunnarshala博士在当地的网络和对社区参与的支持；以及研究员Lanuza博士的建筑知识。