PERSISTENCE AND CHANGE IN DRINKING HABITS: TWIN STUDY

饮酒习惯的坚持和改变：双胞胎研究

• 批准号: 3111273
• 负责人: ANDREW C. HEATH
• 金额: $ 24.3万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-07-01 至 1994-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3111273
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; alcoholism /alcohol abuse information system; anxiety; behavioral genetics; case history; disease /disorder proneness /risk; dizygotic twins; emotional adjustment; family structure /dynamics; gender difference; human ecology; interpersonal relations; lifestyle; major depression; marriage /marital status; mathematical model; monozygotic twins; mood disorders; patient /disease registry; personality disorders; psychological stressor; social adjustment; social behavior disorders; socioenvironment; stress; twin /multiplet

This is a prospective study of the role of genetic and social factors, and their covariation and interaction, in the development and persistence of patterns of alcohol use and abuse, and associated behavioral, health and social problems. 7-year prospective follow-up data are currently being obtained by mailed questionnaire ('1988 survey'), on a clinically unselected sample of 2,800 adult pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic twins from the Australian twin register. Detailed information about drinking style, personality, general morbidity, educational and occupational achievement and family structure are available on these twins from an earlier 1981 survey. We are seeking funding for (i} a more detailed follow-up, by face-to-face to interview, of an enriched sample of pairs where at least one twin is a probable alcohol abuser (N=400 pairs) and a random sample of pairs (N=400 pairs); (ii) a survey by mailed questionnaire (identical to the 1988 questionnaire) of a new cohort of 1,300 pairs of twins aged 18-25 from the Australian register; (iii) a similar mailed survey of 10,000 of the parents, spouses, siblings and parents-in-law of both 1981 and new samples of twins. Structural equation models will be fitted to these data, to resolve the contributions to persistence and change in patterns of alcohol use and abuse of (a) genetic differences; (b) social interaction between family members (including the effects of parents on their children; children on their parents; siblings on each other; spouses on one another; extra-familial environmental influences shared by twins or siblings); (c) changes in the individual's social environment (leaving home; marriage/cohabitation; separation/ divorce/bereavement); (d) self-selection into adverse environments, including genotype-environment correlation, assortative mating and assortative friendship; (e) the interaction of genetic and social factors with sex, age-cohort or salient features of the individual's social environment (e.g. presence or absence of social support). Hypotheses about the etiologic heterogeneity of alcohol abuse will be tested, particularly regarding the differential associations of type I and type II abuse with Harm Avoidance, Reward Dependence and Novelty Seeking personality dimensions.

这是一项关于遗传和社会作用的前瞻性研究 发展过程中的因素及其协变和相互作用 以及持续的酗酒和酗酒模式，以及 相关的行为、健康和社会问题。 7年 目前正在通过邮寄方式获取预期的后续数据 问卷调查（“1988 年调查”），针对临床未选择的样本 来自 2,800 对成年同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎 澳大利亚双胞胎登记册。 关于饮酒的详细信息 风格、个性、一般发病率、教育和职业 这些双胞胎的成就和家庭结构可从 1981 年早些时候的一项调查。 我们正在为 (i} a more 详细的后续行动，通过面对面的采访，丰富的 至少一个双胞胎可能是酒精的配对样本 施虐者（N=400 对）和随机样本对（N=400 对）； (ii) 通过邮寄问卷进行的调查（与 1988 年相同） 对 1,300 对 18-25 岁双胞胎的新队列进行问卷调查 来自澳大利亚登记册； (iii) 类似的邮寄调查 双方父母、配偶、兄弟姐妹和岳父母中的 10,000 人 1981 年，双胞胎的新样本。 结构方程模型将是 拟合这些数据，以解决对持久性的贡献 以及酒精使用和滥用模式的变化 (a) 遗传因素 差异； (b) 家庭成员之间的社交互动 （包括父母对孩子的影响；孩子对 他们的父母；兄弟姐妹彼此相依；彼此为配偶； 双胞胎或共同的家庭外环境影响 兄弟姐妹）； (c) 个人社会环境的变化 （离家；结婚/同居；分居/ 离婚/丧亲之痛）； (d) 自我选择进入不利环境， 包括基因型-环境相关性、选型交配和 同类友谊； (e) 遗传和社会的相互作用 与性别、年龄组或显着特征相关的因素 个人的社会环境（例如是否存在社交 支持）。 关于酒精病因异质性的假设 滥用行为将受到测试，特别是关于差异 I 型和 II 型虐待与避免伤害的关联， 奖励依赖和寻求新奇的个性维度。