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Drosophila model to investigate the tripartite relationship between symbiont, trypanosomes and tsetse flies

果蝇模型研究共生体、锥虫和采采蝇之间的三方关系

基本信息

批准号：
BB/J017698/1
负责人：
Alistair Darby
金额：
$ 54.31万
依托单位：
University of Liverpool
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FJ017698%2F1
关键词：
Drosophila model investigate tripartite relationship

项目摘要

Tsetse flies (genus Glossina) are the sole vectors of the zoonotic disease African Trypanosomiasis, which causes sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has estimated that there are currently 300,000 - 500,000 cases of trypanosomiasis with 60 million people at risk of contracting the disease in 37 African countries (WHO Committee, 2001). In addition to the human cost, trypanosomiasis has severely restricted cattle and dairy production in Africa, resulting in substantial economic losses. To increase agricultural production in Africa it is very important that cattle can be used for traction for ploughing. In this proposal we will investigate the tripartite interactions of the fly, trypanosome and a symbiotic bacterium called Sodalis glossinidius. The presence of Sodalis in tsetse has been linked to the fly being more capable of transmitting the trypanosome parasite. We will identify the mechanisms through which Sodalis makes the fly a better vector by analysing how Sodalis interacts with cells and guts of insects. We expect that Sodalis can change the way an insect's immune system responds to Sodalis and this creates a "blind spot" in the insect's defenses that allow the parasite to survive and divide in tsetse. This will be investigated by looking at how insect gene expression changes as a result of exposure to Sodalis and trypanosomes. The work will provide fundamental understanding of the biology of tsetse as a disease vector by identifying the key genes underpinning symbiotic and parasitic interactions. A greater understanding of how insect guts respond to challenge by microbes will lead to new targets for disease control strategies. The knowledge gained will be of direct relevance to the control of other medical, veterinary and agriculturally important diseases vectored by arthropods. For example zoonosis such as Leishmania, animal diseases like Bluetongue and plant diseases vectored by aphids such as Potato leaf roll virus.

采采蝇（舌蝇属）是人畜共患疾病非洲锥虫病的唯一媒介，该疾病在人类中引起昏睡病，在动物中引起长鼻病。据世界卫生组织（世卫组织）估计，目前在37个非洲国家有30万至50万例锥虫病病例，有6 000万人面临感染该疾病的风险（世卫组织委员会，2001年）。除了人的损失外，锥虫病还严重限制了非洲的牛和奶制品生产，造成了巨大的经济损失。为了增加非洲的农业生产，牛可以用来牵引耕地是非常重要的。在这个建议中，我们将调查三方的相互作用的苍蝇，锥虫和共生细菌Sodalis glossinidius。采采蝇体内的Sodalis与苍蝇更有能力传播锥虫寄生虫有关。我们将通过分析Sodalis如何与昆虫的细胞和内脏相互作用来确定Sodalis使苍蝇成为更好的媒介的机制。我们预计Sodalis可以改变昆虫免疫系统对Sodalis的反应方式，这在昆虫的防御中创造了一个“盲点”，使寄生虫能够在采采蝇中生存和分裂。这将通过观察昆虫基因表达如何由于暴露于Sodalis和锥虫而发生变化来研究。这项工作将通过识别支持共生和寄生相互作用的关键基因，提供对采采蝇作为疾病媒介的生物学的基本理解。更好地了解昆虫肠道如何应对微生物的挑战将为疾病控制策略带来新的目标。所获得的知识将直接关系到控制由节肢动物传播的其他医学、兽医和农业重要疾病。例如人畜共患病如利什曼原虫，动物疾病如蓝舌病和由蚜虫传播的植物疾病如马铃薯卷叶病毒。