CHROMOSOMES OF HUMAN BLADDER TUMORS

拟议的研究继续以建立 膀胱癌中染色体改变及其相关性 具有各种组织学、临床、生物学和预后参数， 这种疾病 我们实验室最近建立的特定（主要） 膀胱癌的染色体变化似乎表明， 亚组可能存在于该疾病实体中。 迄今为止，三个 核型定义的亚组已经根据 初级核型变化。 后者由一个等染色体组成， 5号染色体短臂，i（5 p），7号染色体三体和9 q/-9。 由于主要变化很有可能与 病因学，似乎这三个膀胱癌亚组可能 有着不同的起源背景 未来的研究将 致力于将初级染色体的变化与这种 膀胱癌的分期和分级、地理位置等参数 在膀胱内，侵袭性，转移性扩散，复发和 预后和生存参数。 除了主要的变化， 次级染色体的变化，这可能起着至关重要的作用 癌症生物学，特别是其进展和耐药性 治疗，也将被确定和类似性质的相关性， 上面提到的这些变化。 因此，在今后的几年里，我们 希望根据细胞遗传学结果来定义膀胱癌， 原发性和继发性，并建立至少细胞遗传学定义 疾病中的亚实体类似于 白血病 此外，将使用各种分子探针， 确切的类型取决于初级和次级染色体的变化， 肿瘤 待研究的参数包括特定的癌基因和 其他基因在膀胱癌中的表达，以评估 初级和次级核型变化可能在 基因物质起始和表达。

The proposed research continues to have as its major aim the establishment of chromosome changes in bladder cancer and correlation of the findings with various histologic, clinical, biologic and prognostic parameters of the disease. Recent establishment in our laboratory of specific (primary) chromosome changes in bladder cancer appears to indicate that several subgroups may exist within this disease entity. To-date, three karyotypically defined subgroups have been established in terms of the primary karyotypic changes. The latter consist of an isochromosome for the short arm of chromosome #5, i(5p), trisomy for chromosome 7 and 9q/-9. Since a strong possibility exists that the primary changes are related to etiology, it would appear that these three subgroups of bladder cancer may have different backgrounds in their genesis. The future research will address itself towards correlating the primary chromosome changes with such parameters as stage and grade of the bladder cancer, geographic location within the bladder, invasiveness, metastatic spread, recurrence and prognostic and survival parameters. In addition to the primary changes, the secondary chromosome changes, which may play a crucial role in the biology of the cancer, particularly its progression and resistance to therapy, will also be ascertained and correlations of a similar nature as mentioned above made with these changes. Thus, in the forthcoming years we hope to define bladder cancer in terms of the cytogenetic findings, both primary and secondary, and establish at least cytogenetically defined subentities within the disease akin to the cytogenetic classification of the leukemias. In addition, various molecular probes will be used, the exact type depending on the primary and secondary chromosome changes in the tumor. The parameters to be investigated include specific oncogene and other gene expressions in bladder cancers, in order to evaluate the role that the primary and secondary karyotypic changes may play in the initiation and expression of genic material.