CHROMOSOMES OF HUMAN BLADDER TUMORS

拟议的研究继续以建立 膀胱癌的染色体改变及其相关性 具有不同的组织学、临床、生物学和预后参数 这种疾病。最近在我们实验室建立了特定的(初级) 膀胱癌的染色体变化似乎表明有几个 此疾病实体内可能存在亚组。到目前为止，有三个 核型定义的亚群已经根据以下条件建立 原发核型改变。后者由一条等位染色体组成 5号染色体的短臂，I(5p)，7号染色体的三体和9q/-9。 因为主要的变化很有可能与 从病因上看，这三个亚型的膀胱癌可能 在起源上有不同的背景。未来的研究将是 致力于将初级染色体的变化与这些 膀胱癌分期分级、地理位置等参数 在膀胱内，侵袭性，转移扩散，复发和 预后和生存参数。除了主要的变化之外， 次级染色体的变化，这可能在 癌症的生物学，特别是它的进展和对癌症的耐药性 治疗，也将被确定和与类似性质的相关性 上面提到的这些变化造成了。因此，在未来的几年里，我们 希望通过细胞遗传学的发现来定义膀胱癌，两者 原发和继发，并至少在细胞遗传学上确定 疾病内的亚实体类似于细胞遗传学分类 白血病。此外，还将使用各种分子探针， 确切的类型取决于初级和次级染色体的变化 肿瘤。要研究的参数包括特定的癌基因和 其他基因在膀胱癌中的表达，以评价其作用 原发和继发的核型改变可能在 基因物质的启动和表达。

The proposed research continues to have as its major aim the establishment of chromosome changes in bladder cancer and correlation of the findings with various histologic, clinical, biologic and prognostic parameters of the disease. Recent establishment in our laboratory of specific (primary) chromosome changes in bladder cancer appears to indicate that several subgroups may exist within this disease entity. To-date, three karyotypically defined subgroups have been established in terms of the primary karyotypic changes. The latter consist of an isochromosome for the short arm of chromosome #5, i(5p), trisomy for chromosome 7 and 9q/-9. Since a strong possibility exists that the primary changes are related to etiology, it would appear that these three subgroups of bladder cancer may have different backgrounds in their genesis. The future research will address itself towards correlating the primary chromosome changes with such parameters as stage and grade of the bladder cancer, geographic location within the bladder, invasiveness, metastatic spread, recurrence and prognostic and survival parameters. In addition to the primary changes, the secondary chromosome changes, which may play a crucial role in the biology of the cancer, particularly its progression and resistance to therapy, will also be ascertained and correlations of a similar nature as mentioned above made with these changes. Thus, in the forthcoming years we hope to define bladder cancer in terms of the cytogenetic findings, both primary and secondary, and establish at least cytogenetically defined subentities within the disease akin to the cytogenetic classification of the leukemias. In addition, various molecular probes will be used, the exact type depending on the primary and secondary chromosome changes in the tumor. The parameters to be investigated include specific oncogene and other gene expressions in bladder cancers, in order to evaluate the role that the primary and secondary karyotypic changes may play in the initiation and expression of genic material.