Control of dynamic palmitoylation: Identification of de-palmitoylating enzymes and their substrates in plants

动态棕榈酰化的控制：植物中去棕榈酰化酶及其底物的鉴定

• 批准号: BB/P007902/1
• 负责人: Piers Hemsley
• 金额: $ 46.87万
• 依托单位: University of Dundee
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FP007902%2F1
• 关键词: Control; dynamic; palmitoylation; Identification; de

Regulating protein function in plants - identification of new regulatory enzymes and their substratesProteins are the key functional molecules in the cell, forming structural building blocks and performing the many specialized functions a cell requires to survive. Making sure that individual proteins perform the right task at the right time is achieved by modifying them with various small molecules at specific places within the protein structure. This modification can alter where in the cell proteins are found, how they interact with other proteins, target them for recycling or alter how active they are. The modification of proteins that is key to this work is known as palmitoylation and involves the addition or removal of fatty acids from proteins to activate or suppress different responses. These cycles of addition and removal can promote responses through a wide range of different physical mechanisms depending on the individual protein. As these modifications are vital for regulating how a cell operates it is crucial for us to understand the mechanisms and processes that control and regulate these modifications. I have already identified and characterized the mechanisms by which palmitoyl groups are added to proteins in plants. This project aims to identify and characterize the mechanisms by which palmitoyl groups are removed from proteins in plants. This is essential for understanding the regulatory framework surrounding palmitoylation.Once we have this knowledge we will then be in a position to identify all of the proteins that are regulated by palmitoylation. This will open the door to greater understanding of how cellular function is regulated and helps the organism operate as a whole. Palmitoylation affects nearly 15% of all proteins within the cell but how it regulates their function is essentially unknown. Using the tools we have developed we will identify proteins that undergo de-palmitoylation. This will allow us to specifically study proteins regulated by changes in palmitoylation state and begin to understand how changes in palmitoylation state alter protein function.Palmitoylated proteins are involved in virtually every process in the cell that involves signaling or transport of molecules from outside of the cell to the inside. These proteins are therefore extremely important for interactions with the outside world and understanding how they are regulated to correctly perform their function will be extremely important for understanding how plants interact with their environment, fight off pathogens, build their cell walls and take up nutrients. This is in turn important for improving the food yield of crops, improving water, land and nutrient use efficiency and helping increase biofuel production - all essential parts of future food and energy security.

调节植物中的蛋白质功能-鉴定新的调节酶及其底物蛋白质是细胞中的关键功能分子，形成结构构建块并执行细胞生存所需的许多专门功能。确保单个蛋白质在正确的时间执行正确的任务是通过在蛋白质结构内的特定位置用各种小分子修饰它们来实现的。这种修饰可以改变蛋白质在细胞中的位置，它们如何与其他蛋白质相互作用，靶向它们进行回收或改变它们的活性。对这项工作至关重要的蛋白质修饰被称为棕榈酰化，涉及从蛋白质中添加或去除脂肪酸以激活或抑制不同的反应。这些添加和去除的循环可以通过各种不同的物理机制促进反应，这取决于单个蛋白质。由于这些修饰对于调节细胞如何运作至关重要，因此了解控制和调节这些修饰的机制和过程对我们至关重要。我已经确定并描述了棕榈酰基添加到植物蛋白质中的机制。该项目旨在确定和表征棕榈酰基从植物蛋白质中去除的机制。这对于理解棕榈酰化的调控框架是至关重要的。一旦我们有了这些知识，我们将能够识别所有受棕榈酰化调控的蛋白质。这将为更好地理解细胞功能是如何调节的打开大门，并帮助有机体作为一个整体运作。棕榈酰化影响细胞内近15%的蛋白质，但它如何调节它们的功能基本上是未知的。使用我们开发的工具，我们将鉴定经历去棕榈酰化的蛋白质。这将使我们能够专门研究由棕榈酰化状态的变化所调控的蛋白质，并开始了解棕榈酰化状态的变化如何改变蛋白质的功能。棕榈酰化蛋白质参与了细胞中几乎所有的过程，这些过程涉及信号传导或分子从细胞外运输到细胞内。因此，这些蛋白质对于与外部世界的相互作用非常重要，了解它们如何被调节以正确地执行其功能对于了解植物如何与环境相互作用，抵御病原体，构建细胞壁和吸收营养物质非常重要。这对于提高作物的粮食产量，提高水、土地和养分的利用效率，以及帮助增加生物燃料生产-所有这些都是未来粮食和能源安全的重要组成部分-都是重要的。

项目成果

S-acylation stabilizes ligand-induced receptor kinase complex formation during plant pattern-triggered immune signalling

S-酰化在植物模式触发的免疫信号传导过程中稳定配体诱导的受体激酶复合物的形成

• DOI: 10.1101/2021.08.30.457756
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Hurst C

Maleimide scavenging enhances determination of protein S-palmitoylation state in acyl-exchange methods.

• DOI: 10.2144/000114516
• 发表时间: 2017-02-01
• 期刊: BioTechniques
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Hurst CH;Turnbull D;Plain F;Fuller W;Hemsley PA
• 通讯作者: Hemsley PA

ProtView: A Versatile Tool for In Silico Protease Evaluation and Selection in a Proteomic and Proteogenomic Context.

PROTVIEW：在蛋白质组学和蛋白质组情境中用于硅蛋白酶评估和选择的多功能工具。

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00135
• 发表时间: 2023-07-07
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Puliasis, Sophia S. S.;Lewandowska, Dominika;Hemsley, Piers A. A.;Zhang, Runxuan
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Runxuan