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Role of the SYM pathway in selecting the root microbiota

SYM 途径在选择根微生物群中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
BB/R017859/1
负责人：
Philip Poole
金额：
$ 77.38万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FR017859%2F1
关键词：
Role SYM pathway selecting root

项目摘要

Plant roots are critical for the uptake of mineral nutrients by plants. In addition, they interact with the soil environment and a complex assemblage of bacteria, fungi, single celled animal cells, nematodes and other organisms. The area directly around roots that is occupied by these organisms is known as the rhizosphere and the collective name for the organisms is the rhizosphere microbiota. Microorganisms also reside inside plant roots, usually between plant cells and are knows as endophytes. Together the rhizosphere and endosphere microbiotas makes up the root microbiota of a plant. It has been shown over the last few years that the root microbiota is critical for the health and growth of plants, with many microorganisms shown to be plant growth promoting. Bacteria are simple single celled microorganisms that lack the membrane bound structures found in higher cells of plants and animals. However, while bacteria may have a less complex cellular organisation they carry out a huge range of chemical reactions not found in plants and animals. Bacteria are responsible for the cycling of many nutrients such as N2 (N2 is also known as nitrogen gas and consists of two nitrogen atoms bound by a strong triple bond), which is a very inert atmospheric gas. N2 makes up 78% of the atmosphere but is very unreactive and cannot be used directly as a source of nitrogen, which is needed for amino acid, protein and DNA synthesis. However, a small number of bacteria can reduce (add hydrogen) to N2 and convert it into ammonia (NH3), which is readily incorporated into amino acids and then all the other building blocks of life, by a wide range of organisms including bacteria and plants. In many parts of the world the limitation to growth of plants, which in turn support animal life, is the supply of nitrogen as ammonia or nitrate. In the past, much of the nitrogen was provided by biological nitrogen fixation, particularly by a group of plants known as legumes. The legumes form nodules on their roots which house bacteria, called rhizobia, which reduce N2 to ammonia and supply it to plants in return for a carbon and energy source. However, more recently legume use has declined and nitrogen is mainly provided to crops by chemically synthesised fertiliser. One of the other limiting nutrients in the biosphere is phosphate, which is often naturally provided to the plant by a group of fungi known as the arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM fungi). Nitrogen and phosphate are so crucial to plant growth and crop yield that they are often both added in very large amounts to agricultural soils. This has led to widespread pollution of ground water with these nutrients, leading to run off into water ways and oceans that causes eutrophication where the growth in particular of algae is promoted. Remarkably it turns out that both AM fungi and rhizobia interact with plants using a common signalling network known as the common symbiosis pathway (SYM). In this work, we are investigating how the SYM pathway controls the microbiota of legumes and cereals. Our aim is to understand how the pathways control different members of the microbiota. In addition, we will move beyond simple characterisation of the components of the microbiota to examine the mechanism of control. This research will lead to a step change in characterisation of the plant microbiota of agriculturally critical crops, including pea and rice. Not only will we characterise which microorganisms are present but we will also culture and characterize the function of key members of the microbiota. This work moves beyond simple characterisation of which microorganisms are present to identification of functional community members.

植物根系对于植物吸收矿质营养至关重要。此外，它们与土壤环境以及细菌、真菌、单细胞动物细胞、线虫和其他生物的复杂组合相互作用。被这些生物体占据的直接围绕根的区域被称为根际，并且这些生物体的统称是根际微生物群。微生物也存在于植物根部，通常在植物细胞之间，被称为内生菌。根圈和内圈微生物群落共同构成植物的根微生物群。在过去的几年中，已经表明根部微生物群对植物的健康和生长至关重要，许多微生物被证明是植物生长促进剂。细菌是简单的单细胞微生物，缺乏在植物和动物的高等细胞中发现的膜结合结构。然而，虽然细菌的细胞组织可能不那么复杂，但它们可以进行植物和动物中没有的大量化学反应。细菌负责许多营养物质的循环，例如N2（N2也被称为氮气，由两个氮原子通过强三键结合组成），这是一种非常惰性的大气气体。N2占大气的78%，但非常不活泼，不能直接用作氨基酸，蛋白质和DNA合成所需的氮源。然而，少数细菌可以将N2还原（添加氢）并将其转化为氨（NH3），氨很容易被包括细菌和植物在内的各种生物体纳入氨基酸，然后是所有其他生命的构建单元。在世界上许多地方，限制植物生长的因素是以氨或硝酸盐的形式供应氮，而植物反过来又支持动物的生命。在过去，大部分氮是由生物固氮提供的，特别是由一组被称为豆类的植物提供的。豆科植物在其根部形成根瘤，其中含有称为根瘤菌的细菌，这些细菌将N2还原为氨并将其供应给植物，以换取碳和能源。然而，最近豆类的使用已经下降，氮主要通过化学合成肥料提供给作物。生物圈中的其他限制性营养素之一是磷酸盐，它通常由一组称为丛枝菌根（AM真菌）的真菌天然提供给植物。氮和磷对植物生长和作物产量至关重要，因此它们经常被大量添加到农业土壤中。这导致地下水被这些营养物质广泛污染，导致流入水道和海洋，导致富营养化，特别是藻类的生长。值得注意的是，AM真菌和根瘤菌都使用一种称为共同共生途径（SYM）的共同信号网络与植物相互作用。在这项工作中，我们正在研究SYM途径如何控制豆类和谷物的微生物群。我们的目标是了解这些途径如何控制微生物群的不同成员。此外，我们将超越对微生物群组成的简单表征，研究控制机制。这项研究将导致包括豌豆和水稻在内的农业关键作物的植物微生物群特征的一步变化。我们不仅将确定存在哪些微生物，还将培养和表征微生物群关键成员的功能。这项工作超越了简单的表征，其中微生物是目前的功能社区成员的识别。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Genome-Scale Metabolic Modelling of Lifestyle Changes in Rhizobium leguminosarum.

DOI：
10.1128/msystems.00975-21
发表时间：
2022-02-22
期刊：
mSystems
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Schulte CCM;Ramachandran VK;Papachristodoulou A;Poole PS
通讯作者：
Poole PS

Postnatal prebiotic supplementation in rats affects adult anxious behaviour, hippocampus, electrophysiology, metabolomics, and gut microbiota.

DOI：
10.1016/j.isci.2021.103113
发表时间：
2021-10-22
期刊：
iScience
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Spitzer SO;Tkacz A;Savignac HM;Cooper M;Giallourou N;Mann EO;Bannerman DM;Swann JR;Anthony DC;Poole PS;Burnet PWJ
通讯作者：
Burnet PWJ

Multimodal correlative imaging and modelling of phosphorus uptake from soil by hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi.

DOI：
10.1111/nph.17980
发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Keyes, Sam;van Veelen, Arjen;Fletcher, Dan McKay;Scotson, Callum;Koebernick, Nico;Petroselli, Chiara;Williams, Katherine;Ruiz, Siul;Cooper, Laura;Mayon, Robbie;Duncan, Simon;Dumont, Marc;Jakobsen, Iver;Oldroyd, Giles;Tkacz, Andrzej;Poole, Philip;Mosselmans, Fred;Borca, Camelia;Huthwelker, Thomas;Jones, David L.;Roose, Tiina
通讯作者：
Roose, Tiina

Genome-scale metabolic modelling of lifestyle changes in Rhizobium leguminosarum

豆根瘤菌生活方式变化的基因组规模代谢模型