VISION & VISUOMOTOR MECHANISMS

这项提议的目的是继续一项研究计划 旨在确定视觉空间功能的发展历程 在人类婴儿和儿童身上。结果将与我们的 对成熟期和暴露期的变化的理解 潜在的神经元机制，到识别早期的、潜在的 病态的，偏离正常发展的，并可能 改善性治疗。以下六个具体研究方向 都被提出了。 1.定向选择性的发展：确定 在婴儿期和婴儿期，对边缘的定向调谐的锐化 童年。 2.空间频率选择性的发展：确定课程 在婴儿期和儿童期逐渐缩小音调。 3.双眼视觉和眼动控制的发展：建立 立体视发育与方向性的关系 单眼OKN的对称化，以及眼睛与视觉目标的对准。 4.儿童早发性近视与视功能分析 已知的屈光史：确定婴儿的影响 后期屈光不正及视力和眼球运动功能。 5.视觉发展的性别差异分析：确定性别差异 性别差异的大小和时间进程及其荷尔蒙原因。 6.计算机化数据库和测试程序控制：继续 在计算机控制下积累数据，开发自动化测试 实验室和临床使用的程序。

The objective of this proposal is to continue a program of research designed to determine the course of development of visuospatial functions in human infants and children. The results will be relevant to our understanding of maturational and exposure-induced changes in the underlying neuronal mechanisms, to the recognition of early, potentially pathological, deviations from normal developments, and to possible ameliorative treatment. The following six specific directions of research are proposed. 1. Development of Orientational Selectivity: To determine the course of the sharpening of orientational tuning to edges through infancy and childhood. 2. Development of Spatial Frequency Selectivity: To determine the course of progressively narrowing tuning during infancy and childhood. 3. Development of Binocular Vision and Oculomotor Control: To establish the relationship between the development of stereopsis, the directional symmetrization of monocular OKN, and eye alignments to visual targets. 4. Analysis of Early-Onset Myopia and Visual Function in Children with Known Refractive Histories: To determine the influence of infantile refractive error on later error and on visual and oculomotor function. 5. Analysis of Sex Differences in Visual Development: To determine the magnitude and time course of sex differences and their hormonal cause. 6. Computerized Data Base and Control of Testing Procedures: To continue cumulating data under computer control and developing automated test procedures for use in laboratory and clinic.