Landscape scale genomic-environment diversity data to model existing and novel agri-systems under climate change to enhance food security in Ethiopia
景观规模的基因组环境多样性数据对气候变化下现有和新型农业系统进行建模,以增强埃塞俄比亚的粮食安全
基本信息
- 批准号:BB/S014896/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 156.81万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2019 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Context: Ethiopia has historically been the world's largest recipient of targeted food aid, yet little food-insecurity has been reported for the southern Ethiopian highlands even during the devastating famines of the 1980s. Today, the agri-systems of the southern Ethiopian highlands successfully support one of the highest rural population densities in Africa (up to 1000persons/sqkm). Here, we investigate the landscape scale dynamics, interactions and resilience of these agri-systems, using interdisciplinary environmental modelling, crop genomics and natural capital approaches to understand how best to manage their response to climate change whilst continuing to provide food security for a growing Ethiopian population - predicted to reach 172 million by 2050.Ethiopia is an important center of diversity for food crops, with an agricultural history defined by the domestication of numerous species including coffee, tef and enset. Southern Ethiopian agri-systems include more than 78 cultivated species encompassing roots, tubers, cereals, vegetables, fruits and pulses, including a very high proportion of indigenous crops. Typical farms average 19 different crop and livestock species underpinned by over 120 species of useful trees and shrubs co-occuring across the homegarden landscape. Research on individual crop species also indicates extremely high diversity, for example we have recorded >600 enset varieties, including up to 24 on a single farm, and 37 varieties of yam. This diversity aggregated at multiple scales may be the key to the past resilience of the southern Ethiopian highlands in times of famine, and the source of future resilience to climate change.Aims: Building on previous research, we hypothesize that the biotic drivers of high agri-system productivity and resilience are: (1) cultivation of a high crop diversity within farms, (2) cultivation of high genetic diversity within crop species and (3) cultivation practices that commonly involve diverse mixes of annual and perennial, indigenous and alien, semi-domesticated and domesticated crops. This rich diversity at multiple scales can in principle support food security and sustainable intensification whilst buffering seasonal food deficits, emerging pests and diseases and facilitating agronomic adaptation; despite an average farm size of only 0.9 hectares and very few off-farm inputs such as irrigation systems and fertilizers. In contrast to this indigenous diversity, farmers also grow highly domesticated introduced crops such as maize, avocado and banana, providing an ideal opportunity to evaluate these hypotheses. These crops are high yielding but likely to contain less genetic diversity. This may limit their capacity for adaptation to new or altered environments and their resilience to climate change. The prevalence of these introduced crops is increasing, together with a reported loss of indigenous crop diversity and a shift away from agro-forestry. The impacts of these trends as well as the projected impact of climate change on the resilience of Ethiopian agri-systems is unknown.Applications and benefits: Our research will generate landscape scale environmental suitability, genomic and natural capital data to underpin a decision making tool for sustainable agri-system development and climate adaptation in the region. By enhance future resource provision and resilience, we will generate clear economic and social impact on the livelihoods they support. The novel methods employed here will be of both broader academic interest in the fields of agronomy, crop breeding and conservation and provide immediate knowledge-transfer and resources to enhance Ethiopia's research capability. Most importantly, capitalizing on our strong existing UK-Ethiopian partnerships and links to regional government we will seek development and implementation of science-based regional agri-systems strategy to bring immediate impact within the life of the project.
内容:埃塞俄比亚历来是世界上接受有针对性的粮食援助最多的国家,但即使在1980年代毁灭性的饥荒期间,埃塞俄比亚南部高地也几乎没有粮食不安全的报告。今天,埃塞俄比亚南部高地的农业系统成功地支持了非洲最高的农村人口密度之一(高达1000人/平方公里)。在这里,我们调查了这些农业系统的景观规模动态,相互作用和弹性,使用跨学科的环境建模,作物基因组学和自然资本方法来了解如何最好地管理其对气候变化的响应,同时继续为不断增长的埃塞俄比亚人口提供粮食安全-预计到2050年将达到1.72亿。其农业历史由许多物种的驯化所定义,包括咖啡、茶咖啡和咖啡豆。埃塞俄比亚南部的农业系统包括78种以上的栽培物种,包括根茎、块茎、谷物、蔬菜、水果和豆类,其中包括很高比例的本地作物。典型的农场平均有19种不同的作物和牲畜品种,由120多种有用的树木和灌木支撑,共同出现在家庭花园景观中。对个别作物物种的研究也表明了极高的多样性,例如,我们已经记录了超过600个镶嵌品种,其中一个农场多达24个,以及37个山药品种。这种多样性在多个尺度上的聚集可能是埃塞俄比亚南部高地过去在饥荒时期恢复能力的关键,也是未来对气候变化恢复能力的来源。目的:基于以前的研究,我们假设农业系统高生产力和恢复能力的生物驱动因素是:(1)在农场内种植高作物多样性,(2)在作物物种内种植高遗传多样性,以及(3)通常涉及一年生和多年生植物的不同混合的种植实践,土著和外来、半驯化和驯化作物。尽管平均农场规模只有0.9公顷,灌溉系统和化肥等非农业投入很少,但这种多尺度的丰富多样性原则上可以支持粮食安全和可持续集约化,同时缓冲季节性粮食短缺、新出现的病虫害,并促进农艺适应。与这种土著多样性相反,农民还种植高度驯化的引进作物,如玉米、鳄梨和香蕉,这为评估这些假设提供了理想的机会。这些作物产量高,但可能含有较少的遗传多样性。这可能会限制它们适应新的或改变了的环境的能力以及它们对气候变化的复原力。这些引进的作物越来越普遍,同时据报告,本地作物多样性正在丧失,农林业也在转移。这些趋势的影响以及气候变化对埃塞俄比亚农业系统恢复力的预计影响尚不清楚。应用和效益:我们的研究将产生景观尺度的环境适宜性,基因组和自然资本数据,以支持该地区可持续农业系统发展和气候适应的决策工具。通过加强未来的资源供应和复原力,我们将对它们所支持的生计产生明显的经济和社会影响。这里采用的新方法将在农学,作物育种和保护领域具有更广泛的学术兴趣,并提供直接的知识转让和资源,以提高埃塞俄比亚的研究能力。最重要的是,利用我们现有的强大的英国-埃塞俄比亚伙伴关系和与地区政府的联系,我们将寻求制定和实施以科学为基础的区域农业系统战略,以在项目的生命周期内产生直接影响。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(9)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Measure of indigenous perennial staple crop, Ensete ventricosum, associated with positive food security outcomes in southern Ethiopian highlands
当地多年生主粮作物 Ensete ventricosum 的测量与埃塞俄比亚南部高地积极的粮食安全成果相关
- DOI:10.1016/j.foodpol.2023.102451
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:6.5
- 作者:Morrow N
- 通讯作者:Morrow N
Green assets; quantifying contributions of autochthonous tree-like perennials to food and nutrition security resilience in southern Ethiopian Highlands.
绿色资产;
- DOI:10.31220/agrirxiv.2021.00081
- 发表时间:2021
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Morrow N
- 通讯作者:Morrow N
Potential adaptive strategies for 29 sub-Saharan crops under future climate change
- DOI:10.1038/s41558-019-0585-7
- 发表时间:2019-10-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:30.7
- 作者:Pironon, Samuel;Etherington, Thomas R.;Willis, Katherine J.
- 通讯作者:Willis, Katherine J.
Organic Inputs Interact with Crop Type to Shape Soil Fertility in Ethiopian Agricultural Systems
有机投入与作物类型相互作用,塑造埃塞俄比亚农业系统的土壤肥力
- DOI:10.2139/ssrn.4479411
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Büchi L
- 通讯作者:Büchi L
The climatic challenge: Which plants will people use in the next century?
- DOI:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103872
- 发表时间:2020-02-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.7
- 作者:Borrell, J. S.;Dodsworth, S.;Pironon, S.
- 通讯作者:Pironon, S.
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Paul Wilkin其他文献
Mastigostyla I. M. Johnst. in Bolivia: three new species and new data on M. cardenasii R. C. Foster
- DOI:
10.1007/s12225-010-9199-y - 发表时间:
2010-06-26 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.900
- 作者:
Hibert Huaylla;Paul Wilkin;Odile Weber - 通讯作者:
Odile Weber
Gagea robusta (Liliaceae), a new species from Flora Iranica area
- DOI:
10.1007/s12225-010-9196-1 - 发表时间:
2010-06-19 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.900
- 作者:
Mehdi Zarrei;Paul Wilkin;Martin J. Ingrouille;Mark W. Chase - 通讯作者:
Mark W. Chase
Dioscorea orangeana (Dioscoreaceae), a new and threatened species of edible yam from northern Madagascar
- DOI:
10.1007/s12225-009-9126-2 - 发表时间:
2009-10-18 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.900
- 作者:
Paul Wilkin;Annette Hladik;Odile Weber;Claude Marcel Hladik;Vololoniana Jeannoda - 通讯作者:
Vololoniana Jeannoda
An endangered new species of edible yam (Dioscorea, Dioscoreaceae) from Western Madagascar and its conservation
- DOI:
10.1007/s12225-007-9000-z - 发表时间:
2008-05-24 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.900
- 作者:
Paul Wilkin;Mamy Tiana Rajaonah;Vololoniaina Harimanga Jeannoda;Annette Hladik;Victor Louis Jeannoda;Claude Marcel Hladik - 通讯作者:
Claude Marcel Hladik
A threatened new species of Dioscorea from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, Dioscorea hurteri (Dioscoreaceae)
- DOI:
10.1007/s12225-018-9742-9 - 发表时间:
2018-03-26 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.900
- 作者:
Ryan Hills;A. Muthama Muasya;Olivier Maurin;Paul Wilkin - 通讯作者:
Paul Wilkin
Paul Wilkin的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Paul Wilkin', 18)}}的其他基金
Realising the potential of bioresources to mitigate development challenges in Ethiopia, a centre of wild and domesticated plant diversity
发挥生物资源的潜力,缓解埃塞俄比亚这个野生和驯化植物多样性中心的发展挑战
- 批准号:
EP/T024925/1 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 156.81万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Enhancing enset agriculture with mobile agri-data, knowledge interchange and climate adapted genotypes to support the Enset Center of Excellence
通过移动农业数据、知识交流和适应气候的基因型加强 Enset 农业,以支持 Enset 卓越中心
- 批准号:
BB/S018980/1 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 156.81万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Modelling and genomics resources to enhance exploitation of the sustainable and diverse Ethiopian starch crop Enset and support livelihoods
建模和基因组学资源,以加强对可持续和多样化的埃塞俄比亚淀粉作物的开发,并支持生计
- 批准号:
BB/P02307X/1 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 156.81万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Global Biodiversity Resource for Monocot Plants (eMonocot)
全球单子叶植物生物多样性资源 (eMonocot)
- 批准号:
NE/H021817/1 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 156.81万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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