HEAVY-ATOM ISOTOPE EFFECTS ON ENZYMATIC REACTIONS

酶是控制几乎所有化学物质的催化剂 生命系统的反应。 这些机制 催化剂的工作和控制仍然是一个重要的 生物学研究的目的，对药物设计的影响 生物过程的调节以及其他领域。 的目标 这项工作是为了确定详细的机制，酶 功能 主要应用的技术是重原子 同位素效应可以提供一些重要的细节， 机制，包括添加各种底物的顺序， 酶，各步骤的相对速率，各种性质 中间体和过渡态，以及各种酶的作用 在整个催化过程中的官能团。 酶是 研究包括天冬氨酸转氨甲酰酶，谷氨酰胺合成酶， 和磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶。 模型研究将提供 解释这些结果的重要参考点 问题研究

Enzymes are the catalysts that control virtually all chemical reactions in living systems. The mechanisms by which these catalysts work and are controlled continues to be an important objective of biological studies, with implications for drug design regulation of biological processes, and other areas. The goal of this work is to determine in detail the mechanisms by which enzymes function. The principal technique being applied is heavy-atom isotope effects which can provide a number of important details of mechanism, including order of addition of various substrates to the enzyme, relative rates of various steps, nature of various intermediates and transition states, and the role of various enzyme functional groups in the overall catalytic process. Enzymes being studied include aspartate transcarbamylase, glutamine synthetase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Model studies will provide important reference points for interpreting the results of these studies.