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Novel precious metal nanocatalyst made by biofabrication

生物制造的新型贵金属纳米催化剂

基本信息

批准号：
EP/H029567/1
负责人：
Lynne Macaskie
金额：
$ 20.29万
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2010 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FH029567%2F1
关键词：
Novel precious metal nanocatalyst made

项目摘要

Precious metal catalysts are key to many processes in chemical industry (e.g. hydrogenations, oxidations, syntheses), environment (automotive catalysts, fuel cells) and medicine (metallic nanoparticles). In general different catalysts are used for different processes. Recently the potential benefits of being able to use bimetallic catalysts have been appreciated but these types of catalyst are difficult to make by conventional methods, and may give products of inconsistent quality.As part of an ongoing EPSRC project we evaluated the potential for using bacteria to biomanufacture precious metal catalysts, while a sister BBSRC project is, in parallel, evaluating the potential for sourcing precious metals from wastes: together these projects have demonstrated a 'one stop shop' microbial method to biomanufacturing new, active, catalysts from wastes. The ongoing EPSRC project has shown a new method to make a bimetallic catalyst based on Au and Pd. Bimetallic catalysts are 'next generation': they can achieve high selectivities and reactions that single metal catalysts cannot. Pd/Au bimetallic catalysts are not yet commercially available although the catalyst industry is working hard to achieve this goal. Within a short, internally-funded development study we showed high selectivity by biomanufactured Pd/Au bimetallic in a typical alcohol oxidation; the selectivity was accompanied by a high activity, neither of which were achieved by commercial single metal comparators. This, and the high scalability of biomanufacturing systems, prompted this FoF bid, the purpose of which is to facilitate and enable the transition from benchtop demonstration to commercial prototype. For the latter we will utilise two novel catalyst formulation methods brought by collaborations, namely (a) metallic nanoparticles supported on carbon spheres and (b) a novel immobilisation method yielding highly cohesive bacteria which hold the precoius metal nanoparticles/bimetallics tightly.We will manufacture test quantities of both new materials and evaluate their potential in oxidation reactions of known commercial relevance. We will also test the potential for the new 'Bio-Pd/Au' as a fuel cell (FC) catalyst via extant collaboration with a FC expert. . Using (a) suspended metallised bacterial cells and (b) bionanocatalyst made by the two new attachment methods we will evaluate not only total catalyst activity but catalyst re-usability in repeated reaction cycles, with particular emphasis on durability and lack of attrition, ensuring nanocatalyst retention and complete separation from the product stream without fragmentation. In parallel with the technical tasks business development will proceed with the assistance ot two associated Fellowships dedicated to business development, a company Partner who wishes to initiate a new joint venture, and a current Partner who will take the lead in organising dissemination activity to the market audience via a dissemination workshop. With IP filing imminent, there wil be no barrier to dissemination; indeed, a manuscript is awaiting submission to 'Science' in the immediate future, with several additional high profile disseminations anticipated. These we propose to achieve within the project's lifetime

贵金属催化剂是化学工业（例如氢化、氧化、合成）、环境（汽车催化剂、燃料电池）和医学（金属纳米颗粒）中许多过程的关键。通常，不同的催化剂用于不同的工艺。最近，人们认识到使用生物金属催化剂的潜在好处，但这些类型的催化剂很难用传统方法制造，而且可能会产生质量不一致的产品。作为正在进行的EPSRC项目的一部分，我们评估了使用细菌生物制造贵金属催化剂的潜力，而BBSRC的姐妹项目正在评估从废物中获取贵金属的潜力：这些项目共同展示了从废物中生物制造新的活性催化剂的“一站式”微生物方法。正在进行的EPSRC项目显示了一种新的方法来制造基于Au和Pd的催化剂。双金属催化剂是“下一代”：它们可以实现单一金属催化剂无法实现的高选择性和反应。Pd/Au钯催化剂尚未商业化，尽管催化剂工业正在努力实现这一目标。在一项简短的内部资助的开发研究中，我们在典型的醇氧化中通过生物制造的Pd/Au催化剂显示出高选择性;该选择性伴随着高活性，这两者都不是商业单一金属比较物所能实现的。这一点，以及生物制造系统的高度可扩展性，促使了这次FoF投标，其目的是促进和实现从台式演示到商业原型的过渡。对于后者，我们将利用两种新的催化剂配方的合作带来的方法，即（a）金属纳米粒子支持在碳球和（B）一种新的固定化方法产生高粘性的细菌，持有precius金属纳米粒子/bimetallics紧紧。我们将生产测试数量的两种新材料，并评估其在已知的商业相关性的氧化反应的潜力。我们还将通过与燃料电池（FC）专家的现有合作，测试新的“生物Pd/Au”作为燃料电池（FC）催化剂的潜力。.使用（a）悬浮的金属化细菌细胞和（B）通过两种新的附着方法制备的生物纳米催化剂，我们将不仅评估总催化剂活性，而且评估催化剂在重复反应循环中的可重复使用性，特别强调耐久性和缺乏磨损，确保纳米催化剂保留和从产物流中完全分离而不碎裂。在技术任务的同时，业务发展将在两个致力于业务发展的相关奖学金的帮助下进行，一个是希望发起新合资企业的公司合作伙伴，另一个是将通过传播研讨会牵头组织面向市场受众的传播活动的现有合作伙伴。随着知识产权申请的临近，传播将没有障碍;事实上，在不久的将来，一份手稿正在等待提交给“科学”，预计还会有几次高调的传播。我们建议在项目的生命周期内实现这些目标