SOCIAL STRESS-SOCIAL SELECTION AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

本研究的目的是探讨社会， 先前的研究和理论表明， 可能是重要的病因学的主要类型的精神病理学， 与社会阶层呈负相关--疝气，严重抑郁症， 反社会人格，药物滥用，以及一种非特异性 我们称之为“士气低落”的心理困扰。“框架 这项研究是由一个准实验策略提供的， 调查社会原因-社会选择问题提出的阶级 差异 该战略涉及比较每种类型的比率， 少数民族和弱势群体的精神病理学 控制，并测试有关严重的存在的相关预测 环境引起的压力和精神病理学的存在， 与对照组相比，病例的一级亲属。 以色列是 研究设置。 有两个主要原因选择：第一， 准实验性战略需要一个开放的社会， 同化正在发生。 第二，研究所涉过程， 当一个良好的种群， 登记册和精神病登记册可用。 以色列，可能 唯一地，满足这两组要求。 在以色列，相对 处于不利地位的北非和亚洲犹太人将与相对 欧洲血统的犹太人。 主要关注的是 1948年至1952年间出生在以色列的约5000名男女的样本; a 从该队列中抽取750例病例和对照的子样本; 这些病例和对照组的直系亲属。 问责制的手段 识别诊断病例包括来自 精神病学流行病学研究访谈（PERI）基于我们的 过去10年的方法研究和恩迪科特和 斯皮策的情感障碍和精神分裂症的时间表。

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of social, psychological and genetic factors that previous research and theory suggest may be important in the etiology of the main types of psychopathology that are inversely related to social class -- schizophernia, major depression, anti-social personality, substance abuse, and a type of nonspecific psychological distress that we are terming "demoralization." The framework for the study is provided by a quasi-experimental strategy designed to investigate the social causation-social selection issue posed by the class differences. The strategy involves comparisons of rates of each type of psychopathology in advantaged and disadvantaged ethnic groups with class controlled, and tests of related predictions about the presence of severe environmentally induced stress and the presence of the psychopathology in first degree relatives of cases by contrast with controls. Israel is the research setting. There are two main reasons for this choice: First the quasi-experimental strategy requires an open society in which ethnic assimilation is taking place. Second, study of the processes involved and their consequences can best be accomplished when a well kept Population Register and Psychiatric Register are available. Israel, probably uniquely, meets both sets of requirements. In Israel, relatively disadvantaged North African and Asian Jews will be compared with relatively advantaged Jews of European origin. Main focus will be on a probability sample of about 5000 men and women born in Israel between 1948 and 1952; a subsample of 750 cases and controls from this cohort; and about 2,800 first degree relatives of these cases and controls. The instruments for identifying diagnosing cases consist of brief screening scales from the Psychiatric Epidemiology Research Interview (PERI) based on our methodological research over the past 10 years and the Endicott and Spitzer's Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia.