SOCIAL STRESS-SOCIAL SELECTION AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

这项研究的目的是调查社会， 先前的研究和理论表明的心理和遗传因素 在主要类型的精神病理学的病因学中可能是重要的 与社会阶层成反比--精神分裂，严重的抑郁症， 反社会人格，滥用药物，以及一种非特定的 我们称之为“士气低落”的心理困扰。该框架 这项研究是由一种旨在 调查社会原因--班级提出的社会选择问题 不同之处。该策略包括比较每种类型的 阶级优势族和弱势族群的精神病理学研究 控制和检验关于严重肺炎的存在的相关预测 环境应激与精神病理学的存在 病例的一级亲属与对照对照。以色列是 研究背景。这一选择主要有两个原因：第一， 准试验性战略需要一个开放的社会，在这个社会中， 同化正在发生。第二，研究所涉及的过程和 当一个保持良好的人口数量时，它们的后果最好实现 提供《登记册》和《精神病学登记册》。以色列，可能是 独一无二的，满足了这两组要求。在以色列，相对 处于不利地位的北非和亚洲犹太人将与相对 欧洲血统的有优势的犹太人。主要关注点将是概率 约5000名1948至1952年间在以色列出生的男女样本；a 来自这一队列的750例病例和对照的亚样本；约2,800例 这些病例和对照的学位亲属。用于测试的仪器 识别诊断病例包括简短的筛查量表，从 精神流行病学研究访谈(PERI)基于我们的 过去10年的方法学研究和Endicott和 斯皮策的情感障碍和精神分裂症时间表。

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of social, psychological and genetic factors that previous research and theory suggest may be important in the etiology of the main types of psychopathology that are inversely related to social class -- schizophernia, major depression, anti-social personality, substance abuse, and a type of nonspecific psychological distress that we are terming "demoralization." The framework for the study is provided by a quasi-experimental strategy designed to investigate the social causation-social selection issue posed by the class differences. The strategy involves comparisons of rates of each type of psychopathology in advantaged and disadvantaged ethnic groups with class controlled, and tests of related predictions about the presence of severe environmentally induced stress and the presence of the psychopathology in first degree relatives of cases by contrast with controls. Israel is the research setting. There are two main reasons for this choice: First the quasi-experimental strategy requires an open society in which ethnic assimilation is taking place. Second, study of the processes involved and their consequences can best be accomplished when a well kept Population Register and Psychiatric Register are available. Israel, probably uniquely, meets both sets of requirements. In Israel, relatively disadvantaged North African and Asian Jews will be compared with relatively advantaged Jews of European origin. Main focus will be on a probability sample of about 5000 men and women born in Israel between 1948 and 1952; a subsample of 750 cases and controls from this cohort; and about 2,800 first degree relatives of these cases and controls. The instruments for identifying diagnosing cases consist of brief screening scales from the Psychiatric Epidemiology Research Interview (PERI) based on our methodological research over the past 10 years and the Endicott and Spitzer's Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia.