SOCIAL STRESS SOCIAL SELECTION AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

社会压力、社会选择和精神疾病

• 批准号: 3375177
• 负责人: BRUCE P DOHRENWEND
• 金额: $ 16.72万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-04-01 至 1994-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3375177
• 关键词: Israel; Jewish; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; antisocial personality; behavioral genetics; disease /disorder proneness /risk; drug abuse; human subject; major depression; mental disorder diagnosis; mental disorders; mental health epidemiology; morale; psychological stressor; schizophrenia; social class; social status; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract): The long term goal of this research is to increase an understanding of the role of adversity in the causation of the main types of psychiatric disorders that are inversely related to socio-economic status (SES) -- schizophrenia, major depression, anti-social personality, substance abuse, and nonspecific distress or "demoralization." Specifically, the project investigates the social, psychological, and family history factors that may be important in the etiology of these psychopathologies and tests the social stress/social selection issue posed by SES differences. Israel was chosen as the research setting for three main reasons: 1) the strategy required an urban society in which the assimilation of one or more initially disadvantaged ethnic groups is taking place; 2) Israelis have been exposed to unusual as well as usual stressful circumstances during the country's history of war; and 3) the existence in Israel of a well-kept population register facilitated the sampling of a birth cohort. Since 1982, this research has focused on a nationwide cohort of young adult, Israeli-born Jews from relatively disadvantaged North African and relatively advantaged European backgrounds. Screening and diagnostic interviews have been conducted with a full probability sample of 4914 persons. Subsamples of 361 persons diagnosed as having the key types of psychiatric disorders and 198 persons diagnosed as having no disorders have been selected from the larger sample and followed-up with intensive interviews about possible risk factors. Screening interviews have been conducted with at least one sibling of most of these psychiatric cases and controls. The main analyses of the data from the 4914 member epidemiological sample have been completed and reported. The purposes of this competing continuation application are to complete processing and statistical analyses of the detailed data on the 361 cases and 198 controls, including the data from their siblings. Taken together with the completed analyses of the epidemiological data, the proposed analyses of the case/control data would provide a systematic test of the stress-selection issue and a major contribution to an understanding of the role of adversity.

描述：（改编自申请人的摘要）： 这项研究是为了增加人们对逆境在 主要类型的精神障碍的原因， 与社会经济地位（SES）有关--精神分裂症，重性抑郁症， 反社会人格、药物滥用和非特异性痛苦，或 “士气低落“具体来说，该项目调查了社会， 心理和家族史因素，可能是重要的， 这些精神病理学的病因和测试的社会压力/社会 社会经济地位差异造成的选择问题。 选择以色列作为研究背景有三个主要原因：1） 战略需要一个城市社会，其中一个或多个同化 （2）以色列人在最初处于不利地位的民族群体中发生; 在这段时间里，他们经历了不寻常的和通常的压力环境。 国家的战争历史;和3）在以色列的存在，一个保存完好的 人口登记便利了对出生队列进行抽样。 自1982年以来，这项研究一直集中在全国范围内的年轻队列， 成年，以色列出生的犹太人，来自相对弱势的北非和 相对来说，欧洲背景。 筛查和诊断 对4914名全概率样本进行了访谈 人士 对361名被诊断为主要类型的 198人被诊断为没有精神疾病， 从更大的样本中选出，并进行了密集的随访， 询问可能的风险因素。 筛选面试已经 在大多数精神病病例中，至少有一个兄弟姐妹参与， 对照 对4914例成员流行病学抽样资料的主要分析 已完成并报告。 这次比赛的目的 继续申请是完成处理和统计 分析361例病例和198例对照的详细数据，包括 他们兄弟姐妹的数据。 结合已完成的分析 在流行病学数据中，病例/对照数据的拟议分析 将提供一个系统的测试压力选择问题和一个主要的 有助于理解逆境的作用。