Advancing Biogas Utilization through Fuel Flexible SOFC

通过燃料灵活的 SOFC 促进沼气利用

• 批准号: EP/I037016/1
• 负责人: John Irvine
• 金额: $ 156.08万
• 依托单位: University of St Andrews
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FI037016%2F1
• 关键词: Advancing; Biogas; Utilization; through; Fuel

Biogas provides an excellent means to convert waste to energy. It is an important technology widely applied in rural India with many significant installations also in the UK and Europe. Currently electricity is generally produced from biogas through thermal conversion; however, the electrical efficiency of this process is low. Converting biogas to electricity via fuel cell technology offers significant increases in efficieny, perhaps a factor of 2, and hence is a highly desirable technology. Some biogas installations do exist utiliing molten carbonate fuel cell technology; however, it is widely considered that Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology is the most promising future technology due to its much higher power density and its applicability to a wide range of scales. Here, we seek to improve the performance and durability of SOFC fuel electrodes for operation in biogas.Biogas is largely a mixture of CO2 and methane with quite large impurity contents of hydrogen sulphide. In this study, we investigate the performance and durability of some different SOFC concepts in fuel gas compositions directly relevant to biogas operation. The first strategy investigated will be to develop new perovskite and related materials for application as SOFC anodes that are resistant to coking and sulphur degradation. The second strategy to be investigated, relates to the utilisation of proton conducting perovskite to protect Ni and other electrocatalysts from coking and degradation. These and more conventional electrodes will be studied through sophisticating imaging techniques and electrochemcal performance testing. Promising concepts will be scaled up into significant cells, i.e. >10cm2 and rigourous testing performed. Test cells will be made and evaluated under different gas mixes probing both operation on startup in biogas and on prolonged operation utilising anode exhaust recirculate (containing steam and additional CO2) for internal reformation. Durability will be assessed up to 1000 hrs in appropriate biogas reformates and the degree of Sulphur scrubbing required, if any, assessed. Overall we seek solutions that could be applied to multi-kW scales of relevance decentralised and isolated operation.The UK will lead imaging and modelling, new anodes and performance testing, whereas India will lead proton conducting cermets and cell fabrication and scale up; however all activites involve significant cross-national activity. Two project workshops will be held in the UK and two in India and these will be linked to training events and outreach meetings open to the wider community. Each researcher will spend at least one month working in partner country laboratory on joint activity.

沼气提供了一种将废物转化为能源的极好方法。这是一项在印度农村广泛应用的重要技术，在英国和欧洲也有许多重要的安装。目前，沼气发电一般是通过热转换来实现的，但是这种过程的电效率很低。通过燃料电池技术将沼气转化为电能可以显著提高效率，可能是2倍，因此是一项非常可取的技术。目前确实存在一些利用熔融碳酸盐燃料电池技术的沼气装置，然而，人们普遍认为固体氧化物燃料电池技术是最有前途的未来技术，因为它具有更高的功率密度和广泛的适用范围。在这里，我们试图提高SOFC燃料电极在沼气中运行的性能和耐用性。沼气主要是二氧化碳和甲烷的混合物，含有相当多的硫化氢杂质。在这项研究中，我们调查了一些不同的SOFC概念在与沼气操作直接相关的燃料气成分中的性能和耐久性。研究的第一个战略将是开发新的钙钛矿和相关材料，用于作为SOFC阳极，防止结焦和硫磺降解。要研究的第二个策略涉及利用质子导电钙钛矿来保护镍和其他电催化剂免受结焦和降解。这些和更传统的电极将通过复杂的成像技术和电化学性能测试进行研究。有希望的概念将被放大为重要的单元，即&gt；10cm2，并进行严格的测试。试验电池将在不同的混合气体下进行制作和评估，以探索在沼气中启动运行和利用阳极废气再循环(包含蒸汽和额外的二氧化碳)进行内部改造的长时间运行。耐久性将在适当的沼气重整装置中进行长达1000小时的评估，并评估所需的硫磺洗涤程度(如果有)。总体而言，我们寻求的解决方案可以应用于相关的多千瓦规模的分散和孤立的操作。英国将领导成像和建模、新的阳极和性能测试，而印度将领导质子导电金属陶瓷和电池制造和扩大规模；然而，所有活动都涉及重大的跨国活动。将在英国和印度举办两个项目讲习班，这些讲习班将与对更广泛社区开放的培训活动和外联会议联系起来。每名研究人员将在伙伴国实验室进行至少一个月的联合活动。

项目成果

ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN PROPAGATING SOLAR CORONAL DISTURBANCES AND CHROMOSPHERIC FOOTPOINTS

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8205/829/1/l18
• 发表时间: 2016-09
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: P. Bryans;S. McIntosh;I. Moortel;B. Pontieu

Energy Release in Driven Twisted Coronal Loops

• DOI: 10.1007/s11207-015-0824-7
• 发表时间: 2016-01-01
• 期刊: SOLAR PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Bareford, M. R.;Gordovskyy, M.;Hood, A. W.
• 通讯作者: Hood, A. W.

Nickel Electrodeposition on Silver for the Development of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anodes and Catalytic Membranes

镍电沉积银用于固体氧化物燃料电池阳极和催化膜的开发

• DOI: 10.1149/2.1081704jes
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Jamil Z

Conductivity and redox stability of new perovskite oxides SrFe0.7TM0.2Ti0.1O3-d (TM = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)

新型钙钛矿氧化物SrFe0.7TM0.2Ti0.1O3-d（TM = Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu）的电导率和氧化还原稳定性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2017.01.017
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Solid State Ionics
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Cowin P

Conductivity and redox stability of double perovskite oxide SrCaFe1+xMo1-xO6-d (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6)

双钙钛矿氧化物SrCaFe1 xMo1-xO6-d (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6)的电导率和氧化还原稳定性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.10.056
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Materials Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Cowin P