PSYCHOSOCIAL EFFECTS OF VARIATONS IN FACIAL MATURITY

拟议研究的长期目标是确定 基于外表的社会认知的起源和后果。 一 一个人的外表对社会期望和社会地位有很大的影响。 交互. 虽然这通常是适应性的，当我们正确地利用 年龄相关的外观信息，它也可以有助于刻板印象， 就像我们认为娃娃脸的成年人软弱、顺从和天真一样。 这种陈规定型观念可能导致社会歧视和自我歧视。 实现预言，也就是说预期确认行为-与 对一个人自尊心的有害影响。 拟议的研究测试 一种行为发展模型，其中人格是一个功能， 一个人的基因型气质和社会经验， 一个人的外表。 重点在于外观 面部成熟的质量，虽然面部吸引力和身体 特征也被考虑。 为了实现这一具体目标， 研究，寿命发展的方法将采用利用 人类发展研究所档案中的纵向数据 (IHD)在加州大学伯克利分校。 该数据集包括 从儿童早期到成年的个人照片， 以及各种个性，人体测量，智力和人口统计 措施 研究有四个具体目标。 一个目的是确定 娃娃脸的稳定性。 第二个目标是 确定面部成熟度是否是特征的准确指标-即， 娃娃脸的刻板印象有没有一个核心的真理？ 第三个目标是 确定面部成熟度是否影响教育和职业 成就。 最后一个目标是确定面部成熟度对 人格在整个生命周期中的变化 一张娃娃脸是否有助于 某些特征的发展？ 人格的延续性是否受到影响 娃娃脸的延续程度 的理解 基于外表的社会观念的起源和表现， 研究将提供可以为旨在促进 适当利用外观中提供的信息， 减少其不适应的用途。

The long range objective of the proposed research is to identify both the origins and consequences of appearance-based social perceptions. A person's appearance has a strong impact on social expectations and social interactions. While this is often adaptive, as when we correctly utilize age-related appearance information, it can also contribute to stereotyping, as when we perceive babyfaced adults to be weak, submissive, and naive. Such stereotyped perceptions may yield social discrimination and self- fulfilling prophecies--i.e., expectancy confirming behaviors - with deleterious effects on a person's self-esteem. The proposed research tests a model of behavioral development in which personality is a function of a person's genotypic temperament and social experiences that are shaped in part by the person's physical appearance. The focus is on the appearance quality of facial maturity although facial attractiveness and body characteristics are also considered. To achieve the specific aims of this research, a life span developmental approach will be employed utilizing longitudinal data from the archives of the Institute of Human Development (IHD) at the University of California, Berkeley. This data set includes photographs of individuals from early childhood through older adulthood, as well as various personality, anthropometric, intellectual, and demographic measures. The research has four specific aims. One aim is to determine the stability of a babyface across the lifespan. A second aim is to determine whether facial maturity is an accurate indictor of traits - i.e., is there a kernel of truth to the babyface stereotypes? A third aim is to determine whether facial maturity affects educational and occupational attainments. A final aim is to determine the impact of facial maturity on personality across the lifespan. Does a babyface contribute to the development of certain traits? Is the continuity of personality impacted by the degree of continuity in babyfacedness? The understanding of the origins and manifestations of appearance-based social perceptions that this research will provide can inform interventions designed to foster appropriate utilization of the information given in appearance and to diminish its maladaptive uses.