IN SEARCH OF MOOD DEPENDENT MEMORY

尽管有时会显示在某种状态下编码的事件 在类似的状态下，情感或情绪的提取比在 不同的是，既不是情绪依赖记忆的情况 发生，也没有使其出现的机制，到目前为止 明白了。本项目的目的是澄清这些 环境和机制。为此，建议的研究重点是 关于五个似乎在表现出关键作用的因素 情绪相关的记忆。这些因素是：(A) 情绪调整(例如，从一个愉快的 在提取时将情绪编码为不愉快的情绪对记忆的损害大于 从愉快到中性的转变会影响吗？)，(B) 编码任务(事件是否通过内部心理过程生成，如 因为推理、想象或思想更容易被遗忘 情绪状态的转变，而不是主要由外部因素引起的事件 来源？)，(C)检索任务的性质(是否有可能 使用含蓄而不是显性的测量来证明情绪依赖 记忆？)，(D)一维与二维的变化 影响(顺着愉悦/不愉快和 情绪的唤醒/困倦维度会产生更明显的记忆 赤字比仅仅在快乐维度上移动更好吗？)，以及(E) 保持间隔的持续时间(记忆中的情绪依赖效应 变得更强--而不是更弱--因为分开编码和检索的跨度 变得更长？)。通过对这五个因素的严谨和 程序化的方式，拟议的研究应该解决大部分 现在围绕情绪依赖记忆的争议，并提供了新的 对这种现象的认知和情感基础的洞察。

Though it has sometimes been shown that events encoded in a certain state of affect or mood are more retrievable In a similar state than in a dissimilar one, neither the circumstances under which mood dependent memory occurs, nor the mechanisms that enable Its emergence, are as yet well understood. The purpose of the present project is to clarify these circumstances and mechanisms. To this end, the proposed research focuses on five factors that appear to play pivotal roles in the manifestation of mood dependent memory. These factors are (a) the degree and durability of mood modification (for instance, does the transition from, say, a pleasant mood at encoding to an unpleasant mood at retrieval impair memory more than does a shift from a pleasant to a neutral affect?), (b) the nature of the encoding task (are events generated through internal mental processes such as reasoning, imagination, or thought more apt to be forgotten following a shift in mood state than are events that emanate mainly from external sources?), (c) the nature of the retrieval task (is it possible to demonstrate mood dependence using implicit rather than explicit measures of memory?), (d) one-dimensional versus two-dimensional alterations in affect (does a shift along both the pleasure/displeasure and arousal/sleepiness dimensions of mood produce a more pronounced memory deficit than does a shift along the pleasure dimension alone?), and (e) the duration of the retention interval (do mood dependent effects in memory become stronger--not weaker--as the span separating encoding and retrieval becomes longer?). By exploring these five factors in a rigorous and programmatic fashion, the proposed research should resolve much of the controversy that now surrounds mood dependent memory, and provide fresh insights into the phenomenon's cognitive and affective foundations.