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Transforming the Engineering of Cities to Deliver Societal and Planetary Wellbeing

改变城市工程以提供社会和地球福祉

基本信息

批准号：
EP/J017698/1
负责人：
Christopher David Foss Rogers
金额：
$ 805.91万
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ017698%2F1
关键词：
Transforming Engineering Cities Deliver Societal

项目摘要

There is irrefutable evidence that the climate is changing. There also is strong evidence that this is largely a result of human activity, driven by our insatiable consumption of resources, growing populations, unsustainable migration patterns and rapid overdevelopment in cities that are resulting in heavy ecosystem services losses. Humankind's solutions to these problems do not always work, as many rely upon quantities of resources that simply do not exist or that could not support the rate of change that we are facing, behaviour changes that sit uneasily with our current consumption patterns and quality of life aspirations, and government policies that emphasise long-term sustainable gain but potential short-term economic loss for businesses and local people.A radical revisioning of the problem is needed, not only to reverse current trends, but also to contribute positively to the sustainability and wellbeing of the planet, now and in the future. This proposal is that radical new vision, adopting a 'whole of government' focus to the changes needed in the ways that societies live, work, play and consume, balancing social aspirations against the necessary changes, and using CO2 emissions as a proxy measurement for the harm being done to the planet and the resources (particularly energy) that we use. Through the development of a city analysis methodology; engineering design criteria for quality of life and wellbeing; engineering design criteria for low carbon pathways and; radical engineering approaches, strategies and visioning-all generated in a multidisciplinary context-we aim to deliver a range of engineering solutions that are effective in sustaining civilised life, in an affordable and socially acceptable style.Our vision is to transform the engineering of cities to deliver societal and planetary wellbeing within the context of low carbon living and resource security. We seek to prove that an alternative future with drastically reduced CO2 emissions is achievable in a socially acceptable manner, and to develop realistic and radical engineering solutions to achieve it. Certain techno-fixes for a low-carbon society have been known for some time (e.g., installing low energy appliances in homes), but are not always deemed successful, in part because they have not been deemed socially acceptable. Current aspirations for material consumption are driven by social factors and reinforced by social norms, yet recent research shows that meeting these aspirations often does not enhance wellbeing. Thus, the challenge the research community faces is to co-evolve the techno-fixes with people's aspirations, incorporating radical engineering strategies within the financial, policy/regulation and technical contexts, to re-define an alternative future. A roadmap is required to chart the path from here to there, identify potential tipping points and determine how to integrate radical engineering strategies into norms. However, this roadmap can only be considered once that alternative future has been established, and a 'back-casting' exercise carried out, to explore where the major barriers to change lie and where interventions are needed.Our ambition is to create an holistic, integrated, truly multidisciplinary city analysis methodology that uniquely combines engineered solutions and quality-of-life indicators, accounts for social aspirations, is founded on an evidence base of trials of radical interventions in cities, and delivers the radical engineering solutions necessary to achieve our vision. We seek to achieve this ambition by using a variety of innovative and traditional approaches and methods to undertake five research challenges, which are outlined in detail in five technical annexes.

无可辩驳的证据表明气候正在变化。还有强有力的证据表明，这在很大程度上是人类活动的结果，其驱动因素是我们对资源的贪得无厌的消费、不断增长的人口、不可持续的移徙模式以及城市的迅速过度开发，这些都造成了生态系统服务的严重损失。人类解决这些问题的办法并不总是奏效，因为许多人依赖的资源数量根本不存在，或者无法支持我们面临的变化速度，行为变化与我们目前的消费模式和生活质量愿望不相适应，政府政策强调长期可持续的收益，但潜在的短期-我们需要从根本上改变这一问题，不仅要扭转目前的趋势，而且要为地球现在和未来的可持续性和福祉做出积极贡献。这一提议是一个激进的新愿景，采用“整个政府”的重点，以改变社会生活，工作，娱乐和消费的方式，平衡社会愿望和必要的变化，并使用二氧化碳排放量作为对地球和我们使用的资源（特别是能源）造成的伤害的替代测量。通过开发城市分析方法;生活质量和福祉的工程设计标准;低碳道路的工程设计标准;激进的工程方法，战略和愿景-所有这些都是在多学科背景下产生的-我们的目标是提供一系列有效维持文明生活的工程解决方案，我们的愿景是改变城市工程，在低碳生活和资源安全的背景下提供社会和地球福祉。我们试图证明，以社会可接受的方式大幅减少二氧化碳排放量的替代未来是可以实现的，并开发现实和激进的工程解决方案来实现这一目标。低碳社会的某些技术修复已经有一段时间了（例如，在家庭中安装低能耗电器），但并不总是被认为是成功的，部分原因是它们没有被认为是社会所接受的。当前对物质消费的渴望是由社会因素驱动并受到社会规范的强化，但最近的研究表明，满足这些渴望往往并不能增强幸福感。因此，研究界面临的挑战是共同发展的技术修复与人们的愿望，纳入激进的工程战略的金融，政策/法规和技术背景下，重新定义一个替代的未来。需要一个路线图来绘制从这里到那里的路径，确定潜在的临界点，并确定如何将激进的工程策略整合到规范中。然而，只有在确定了可供选择的未来，并进行了“回溯”练习，以探索变革的主要障碍所在以及需要干预的地方之后，才能考虑这一路线图。我们的目标是创建一个全面、综合、真正多学科的城市分析方法，独特地结合工程解决方案和生活质量指标，考虑社会愿望，建立在城市激进干预试验的证据基础上，并提供实现我们愿景所需的激进工程解决方案。我们寻求通过使用各种创新和传统的方法和手段来实现这一目标，以应对五项研究挑战，这些挑战在五个技术附件中详细介绍。