NEURAL BASIS OF ENDOGENOUS POTENTIALS IN HUMANS

这个项目的总体目标是使用诱发电位(EP) 跟踪不同大脑系统的顺序激活 在人类认知过程中。这项拨款支持的深度录音 已经确定内侧颞叶(MTL)产生 具有类似延迟范围和任务的大型EP与 头皮EP成分N_2、N_4和P_3。左侧或左侧后的头皮录音 右前颞叶切除术(ATL)已证实 这些头皮EP成分的主要产生部位在外部 MTL。然而，左翼ATL取消了重复的影响 关于N4/P3的话。向特定词语发射的MTL单位或 在N4期间的面孔。这些和其他数据表明，N4/P3 是由发散/收敛的神经活动产生的 将特定的刺激与其上下文相关联。在接下来的5年里 几年来，我们建议从三个方面扩大这些研究。第一, 凭借我们与另一家神经外科医生的合作 组，我们将能够在几乎每一个 使用直接的颅内记录的新皮质和边缘区域。 我们还将能够测试选择性的头皮诱发电位的影响 在颞叶之外的切除，包括颞叶-顶叶- 枕骨交界处和额叶。例如，我们的 初步观察表明，一种特定于通道的氮气发生器 在《时间平面》和/或Heschl的g。第二，我们建议 使用海马体平面中的层流和单元记录 Temporale/Heschl‘s g，以及其他结构，以暗示 突触通路的生成及其功能意义 N2/N4/P3。最后，我们建议研究更多的EP组件 使用上述方法。我们特别寻求区分和 定位150-310毫秒延迟引起的各种负面反应 感觉联结区域的范围。这些负面的东西似乎 由刺激本身的特定神经编码产生， 在解剖学上更本地化，更早于广泛的 N4/P3所反映的语境关联。 总体而言，拟议的研究将加深和扩大我们的知识 人类的认知诱发电位。这将允许：集成 可用正常头皮记录测试的神经认知模型 受试者.动物模型的精确验证标准 认知诱发电位，导致基础神经生理学研究；以及 使用头皮对特定突触系统进行直接功能测试 神经或精神疾病患者的EPS。

The overall goal of this project is to use evoked potentials (EPs) to track the sequential activation of different brain systems during human cognition. Depth recordings supported by this grant have established that the Medial Temporal Lobe (MTL) generates large EPs with similar latency ranges and task correlates as the scalp EP components N2, N4 and P3. Scalp recordings after left or right Anterior Temporal Lobectomy (ATL) have established that the major generating sites for these scalp EP components are outside the MTL. However, left ATL abolished the influence of repetition on the N4/P3 to words. MTL units fired to particular words or faces during the N4. These and other data suggest that the N4/P3 are generated by neural activity that divergently/convergently associates a particular stimulus with its context. In the next 5 years, we propose to expand these studies in 3 respects. First, by virtue of our collaboration with a different neurosurgical group, we will be able to map the N2/N4/P3 in almost every neocortical and limbic area using direct intracranial recordings. We also will be able to test the effects on scalp EPs of selective removals outside the temporal lobe, including the temporo-parieto- occipital junction and the frontal lobe. For example, our preliminary observations suggest a modality-specific N2 generator in the planum temporale and/or Heschl's g. Second, we propose to use laminar and unit recordings in the hippocampus' planum temporale/Heschl's g., and other structures to suggest the generating synaptic pathways and functional significance of the N2/N4/P3. Finally, we propose to study additional EP components using the above methods. We especially seek to distinguish and localize various negativities evoked in the 150-310 msec latency range in sensory association areas. These negativities appear to be generated by specific neural encoding of the stimuli per se, more localized anatomically and antecedant to the widespread contextual association reflected by the N4/P3. Overall, the proposed studies will deepen and broader our knowledge of cognitive EP in humans. This will permit: integrated neurocognitive models testable using scalp recordings in normal subjects; precise validation criteria for animal models of cognitive EPs, leading to basic neurophysiological studies; and direct functional tests for specific synaptic systems using scalp EPs in patients with neurological or psychiatric disease.