PERFORMANCE OF SURGICAL MASKS

外科口罩的性能

• 批准号: 2277637
• 负责人: KLAUS WILLEKE
• 金额: $ 14.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2277637
• 关键词: aerosols; biohazard control; clinical biomedical equipment; communicable disease control; laser spectrometry; mathematical model; model design /development; particle

The objective of this research is to study the performance of surgical masks which have historically been used only as barriers to prevent exhaled particles from infecting a patient in surgery, but are increasingly used today in medical and dental care environments to protect the healthcare worker from airborne and aerosolized bloodborne pathogens. The aerosol penetration will be measured from 0.1 to about 5 mum in particle size for flowrates up to 100 L/min. An aerodynamic particle sizer will measure the supermicrometer-sized aerosols and a laser aerosol spectrometer, calibrated for aerodynamic size, will measure the submicrometer-sized aerosols. Aerosol penetration and pressure drop data will be related to each other and will be analyzed with respect to filter material and mask type (flat vs. molded cone). Models will be developed that consider all the filtration mechanisms and will be compared to the experimental data. Performances will be evaluated on masks that have been wetted, as may occur from liquid splashing or liquid adsorption during exhalation of warm, humid air. Edge leakage will be measured relative to filter penetration. Circular leak channels will be differentiated from rectangular ones and will be related to each other. The Bacterial Filtration Efficiency test will be analyzed as to the particle size distribution of its spray. The size distribution (which is the primary parameter affecting aerosol penetration) will be measured for several liquids, with and without different bacteria. The sprays will be size measured upon generation and after mixing with dry air when only the residues are left. The size-dependent penetration of inert and biologically active test aerosols will be compared with each other. New bacterial testing methods will be studied which can detect bacteria directly.

本研究的目的是研究外科手术的性能， 历史上仅用作防止呼出气体的屏障的面罩 在手术中感染病人，但越来越多地使用 如今在医疗和牙科护理环境中， 工人免受空气传播和气溶胶化的血源性病原体的侵害。 气溶胶 穿透将从0.1至约5 μ m的粒度测量， 流速高达100 L/min。空气动力学粒度仪将测量 超微米大小的气溶胶和激光气溶胶光谱仪，校准 对于空气动力学尺寸，将测量亚微米尺寸的气溶胶。 气溶胶穿透和压降数据将相互关联 并将根据过滤材料和口罩类型（平板）进行分析 vs.模制圆锥体）。 模型将被开发，考虑到所有的 过滤机制，并将与实验数据进行比较。 将在可能发生的润湿面罩上评价性能 在呼出温暖、潮湿的空气时， 空气 边缘泄漏将相对于过滤器渗透进行测量。 圆形泄漏通道与矩形泄漏通道不同， 将相互关联。 将分析细菌过滤效率试验， 其喷雾的粒度分布。 尺寸分布（ 影响气溶胶渗透的主要参数）将被测量， 几种液体，有和没有不同的细菌。 喷雾剂会 在生成时和与干燥空气混合后测量的尺寸， 残留物被留下。 惰性和非惰性气体的尺寸依赖性渗透 生物活性测试气溶胶将相互比较。 新 将研究可检测细菌的细菌测试方法 直接.