PERFORMANCE OF SURGICAL MASKS

外科口罩的性能

• 批准号: 3421003
• 负责人: KLAUS WILLEKE
• 金额: $ 13.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3421003
• 关键词: aerosols; biohazard control; clinical biomedical equipment; communicable disease control; laser spectrometry; mathematical model; model design /development; particle

The objective of this research is to study the performance of surgical masks which have historically been used only as barriers to prevent exhaled particles from infecting a patient in surgery, but are increasingly used today in medical and dental care environments to protect the healthcare worker from airborne and aerosolized bloodborne pathogens. The aerosol penetration will be measured from 0.1 to about 5 mum in particle size for flowrates up to 100 L/min. An aerodynamic particle sizer will measure the supermicrometer-sized aerosols and a laser aerosol spectrometer, calibrated for aerodynamic size, will measure the submicrometer-sized aerosols. Aerosol penetration and pressure drop data will be related to each other and will be analyzed with respect to filter material and mask type (flat vs. molded cone). Models will be developed that consider all the filtration mechanisms and will be compared to the experimental data. Performances will be evaluated on masks that have been wetted, as may occur from liquid splashing or liquid adsorption during exhalation of warm, humid air. Edge leakage will be measured relative to filter penetration. Circular leak channels will be differentiated from rectangular ones and will be related to each other. The Bacterial Filtration Efficiency test will be analyzed as to the particle size distribution of its spray. The size distribution (which is the primary parameter affecting aerosol penetration) will be measured for several liquids, with and without different bacteria. The sprays will be size measured upon generation and after mixing with dry air when only the residues are left. The size-dependent penetration of inert and biologically active test aerosols will be compared with each other. New bacterial testing methods will be studied which can detect bacteria directly.

这项研究的目的是研究外科手术的性能 口罩在历史上只被用作防止呼气的屏障 在手术中感染病人的微粒，但越来越多地被使用 今天在医疗和牙科护理环境中保护医疗保健 空气传播和气雾化血液传播病原体的工人。气雾剂 渗透率的测量范围为0.1微米至约5微米的颗粒大小 流量高达100 L/分钟。空气动力学颗粒测定仪将测量 经校准的超微米尺寸气溶胶和激光气溶胶光谱仪 对于空气动力学尺寸，将测量亚微米尺寸的气溶胶。 气溶胶渗透率和压降数据将相互关联 并将根据过滤材料和面罩类型(平面型)进行分析 与模制圆锥体相比)。开发的模型将考虑所有 并将过滤机理与实验数据进行比较。 如果口罩被弄湿，将对其性能进行评估 在呼出温暖、潮湿的液体时液体飞溅或液体吸附 空气。边缘泄漏将相对于过滤器渗透率进行测量。 圆形泄漏通道将与矩形泄漏通道区分开来，并 将是相互关联的。 细菌过滤效率测试将被分析为 其喷雾的粒度分布。大小分布(即 影响气溶胶渗透率的主要参数)将被测量 几种液体，有没有不同的细菌。喷雾剂将会是 在生成时和在与干燥空气混合后测量的尺寸 剩下的残留物。惰性气体的渗透率随尺寸的变化规律 生物活性测试气溶胶将相互比较。新的 将研究能够检测细菌的细菌检测方法 直接去吧。