SUBJECTIVE UNFAIRNESS AND ENVIOUS HOSTILITY

这项拟议的研究的目的是检验那些未经经验检验的 假设敌对情绪通常是强烈嫉妒的一部分 来自嫉妒的人认为不讨好的区别是 不公平。因为敌对情绪是对感受到的不公平的自发反应， 这种不公平信念的存在可以解释这些感觉。它 将会争辩说，在以下情况下发生的不公平信念 嫉妒的敌意，不像未经批准的角色，虽然嫉妒 尽管如此，人们仍可能在这些信念中感到有道理。此外，它还 会有人争辩说，如果没有这种不公平的信念，嫉妒的感觉就会 有一种压抑而不是敌对的品质。首先，使用相关性 方法：被试对显著情感和情境的评价 他们的经历方面，将从因素方面进行分析 与这些经历中充满敌意和抑郁的方面有关。 其次，受试者对被操控的嫉妒刺激的敌意反应是 假设依赖于他们先前对公平的信念 令人不快的社会比较。相反，抑郁的反应是 被假设为依赖于个人自卑的信念。 拟议中的研究是一个更大的研究计划的一部分，旨在 加深对一般社会比较过程的理解。 嫉妒是一种特别重要的情感，值得研究，因为它意味着 成功的人正在应对令人不快的社会比较。是这样的 应对方式似乎能很好地预测一个人的心理健康状况，事实也是如此 最近关于自我的社会比较决定因素的研究表明 自尊和抑郁。特别是，解释 嫉妒中充满敌意的成分很重要，因为这种感觉 巨大的潜力阻碍了社会互动，并创造了个人 不快乐。理解一些人如何使用不恭维 社会比较是产生更具建设性、争强好胜的冲动的基础 尽管其他人似乎被破坏性的情绪所征服，但仇恨情绪是一种 重大的理论和应用社会问题。

The aim of the proposed research is to test the empirically unexamined hypothesis that the hostile feelings typically part of strong envy result from the envious person believing that the unflattering difference is unfair. As hostile feelings are a spontaneous response to felt injustice, the presence of such unfairness beliefs can explain these feelings. It will be argued that the kind of unfairness beliefs occurring in cases of envious hostility, unlike the unsanctioned character, although the envious person may nonetheless feel justified in these beliefs. In addition, it will be argued that without such unfairness beliefs, envious feelings will have a depressive rather than hostile quality. First, using correlational methods, subjects' assessments of the salient affective and situational aspects of their experiences, will be analyzed in terms of the factors related to the hostile and depressive aspects of these experiences. Second, subjects hostile responses to manipulated envy-evoking stimuli are hypothesized to depend on their prior beliefs about the fairness of unflattering social comparisons. Depressive responses, in contrast, are hypothesized to depend on beliefs of personal inferiority. The proposed research is part of a larger research program aimed at furthering an understanding of social comparison processes in general. Envy is a particularly important emotion to study because it signifies how successfully people are coping with unflattering social comparisons. Such coping appears highly predictive of a person's mental health, as is suggested by recent work on the social comparison determinants of self- esteem and depression. In particular, the problem of explaining the hostile component of envy is important because these kinds of feelings have great potential to hamper social interaction and to create personal unhappiness. Understanding how some individuals can use unflattering social comparisons as a basis for more constructive, emulative impulses whereas others seem overcome by destructive, hateful feelings is an important theoretical and applied social problem.