LEGAL & ETHICAL ISSUES RAISED BY THE GENOME PROJECT

在其1988年的报告中，技术评估办公室绘制了我们的基因图谱 认识到将会出现广泛的道德和法律问题 通过绘制和测序人类基因组图： 全人类都对社会和道德有切身利益 对人类生殖器进行作图和测序的意义。。。这些扩展 超越了对科学效率的考虑，涉及到 病人，研究对象，医生，院士，律师， 企业家和政客。。。这些问题很复杂，而且 不太可能在不久的将来得到解决。因此，它将是 有必要确保一些明确解决问题的方法 参加科学工作。 随着科学工作的进行，我们必须开始思考 认真而仔细地研究肯定会出现的一系列问题 由基因组计划提高。其中一些广泛的领域包括 商业申请、专利和商标法、就业、保险、 生殖和医学的临床实践。 尽管在科学文献中已经写了很多关于 基因组方面，关于这一主题的法律著作很少。一个重要的 起始点是了解众多法律、社会、 基因组计划引发的政治和伦理问题。一旦这些 确定并勾勒出广泛的领域，然后进行下一步分析 政策制定就可以开始了。拟议的项目将进一步 这些目标通过专业和学术互动、公众 教育，以及准备有价值的文件。

In its 1988 report, Mapping Our Genes, the Office of Technology Assessment recognized the wide range of ethical and legal issues which will arise from mapping and sequencing the human genome: All human beings have a vital interest in the social and ethical implications of mapping and sequencing the human gemone. . . These extend beyond considerations of scientific efficiency and involve the interest of patients, research subjects, physicians, academicians, lawyers, entrepreneurs, and politicians. . . These questions are complex and are not likely to be resolved in the near future. It will therefore be necessary to ensure that some means for explicity addressing issues attends scientific work. As scientific work proceeds, it is imperative that we begin to think seriously and carefully about the broad array of issues certain to be raised by the genome projects. Some of these broad areas include commercial applications, patent and trademark law, employment, insurance, reproduction, and the clinical practice of medicine. Although much has been written in the scientific literature about the genome, there is very little legal writing on the subject. An important starting point is to get an overview of the numerous legal, social, political, and ethical issues raised by the genome project. Once these broad areas are identified and outlined, then the next steps of analysis and policy formulations can begin. The proposed project would further these goals through professional and scholarly interaction, public education, and the preparation of valuable documents.