Visualising the UK General Election 2015 TV Debates

2015 年英国大选电视辩论可视化

• 批准号: EP/L003112/1
• 负责人: Stephen Coleman
• 金额: $ 48.68万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FL003112%2F1
• 关键词: Visualising; UK; General; Election; 2015

During the 2010 general election the first ever televised leaders' debates to be held in the United Kingdom took place. A key argument in favour of these televised events was that they could reach a wider audience than is usual for politically-related content and that, after watching them, normally apolitical debate-watchers might be better informed about election issues; more likely to discuss policies with their friends and families; and more likely to vote than those who are not exposed to the debates. In short, televised election debates perform a heuristic function, providing voters with resources that enable them to carry out their normative role as informed and reflective citizens of a representative democracy. Research conducted by Coleman et al ("Leaders in the Living Room--The Prime Ministerial Debates of 2010", Oxford: Reuters Institute, 2011) after the 2010 UK debates showed that there was a significant public appetite for this means of learning about the candidates and their policies, but that many viewers were left feeling uncertain about the meaning of what they had witnessed. This prompted a group of scholars from different disciplines - information science, political communication and design - to get together with a view to exploring how future televised leaders' debates might be made more comprehensible to groups of viewers with specific information needs.In considering the best approach to presenting complex arguments to citizens with a view to generating better informed public debate about political issues, we have turned to the field of Computer-Supported Argumentation Visualisation (CSAV) which has a track record of utilising innovative information techniques to present complex arguments that citizens can make sense of and reflect upon in the course of policy deliberations.Our aim in this research is to develop an open-source web-based platform that incorporates a suite of visualisation tools and to develop a working model of how this platform can be embedded within a mixed-media ecology for covering and responding to issues of public political debate. The platform will be designed with a view to i) responding to the information needs of audiences and specific types of audience member; ii) presenting the discursive content in ways that take account of the aesthetic and symbolic needs of information seekers; and iii) not only visualising the debaters' arguments by adopting innovative CSAV methods, but also visualising other features of the debates through the use of non-CSAV-specific techniques, such as word-cloud visualisations (where key words and phrases used in a debate are extracted and visualised such that graphical features like font-size, colour, and positioning are used to depict most import words and phrases) and time-series analyses (where the emphasis is on visualising the chronology of the various speech acts during the debate, so that the context "in time" of key rhetorical events can be captured).

2010 年大选期间，英国举行了首次电视转播的领导人辩论。支持这些电视活动的一个关键论点是，与政治相关内容相比，它们可以吸引更广泛的受众，而且在观看这些活动后，通常非政治性的辩论观察者可能会更好地了解选举问题；更有可能与朋友和家人讨论政策；比那些没有参与辩论的人更有可能投票。简而言之，电视选举辩论发挥着启发作用，为选民提供资源，使他们能够作为代议制民主中知情和反思的公民发挥规范作用。 Coleman 等人在 2010 年英国辩论后进行的研究（“客厅里的领导者——2010 年总理辩论”，牛津：路透社研究所，2011 年）表明，公众对通过这种方式了解候选人及其政策有很大兴趣，但许多观众对他们所目睹的内容感到不确定。这促使一群来自信息科学、政治传播和设计等不同学科的学者聚集在一起，共同探讨如何让具有特定信息需求的观众群体更容易理解未来的电视领导人辩论。在考虑向公民呈现复杂论点的最佳方法，以期就政治问题产生更明智的公开辩论时，我们转向了计算机支持的论证可视化（CSAV）领域，该领域拥有 利用创新的信息技术提出公民在政策审议过程中可以理解和反思的复杂论点。我们这项研究的目的是开发一个基于开源网络的平台，其中包含一套可视化工具，并开发一个工作模型，说明如何将该平台嵌入到混合媒体生态中，以覆盖和回应公共政治辩论的问题。该平台的设计将着眼于 i) 满足受众和特定类型受众的信息需求； ii) 以考虑信息寻求者的审美和象征需求的方式呈现话语内容； iii) 不仅通过采用创新的 CSAV 方法来可视化辩论者的论点，还通过使用非 CSAV 特定技术来可视化辩论的其他特征，例如词云可视化（提取和可视化辩论中使用的关键词和短语，以便使用字体大小、颜色和位置等图形特征来描述最重要的单词和短语）和时间序列分析 （其中重点是可视化辩论期间各种言语行为的时间顺序，以便可以捕获关键修辞事件的“及时”上下文）。

项目成果

"Democratic Replay: Enhancing TV Election Debates with Interactive Visualisations. Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 2018.

“民主重播：通过交互式可视化增强电视选举辩论。第 51 届夏威夷国际系统科学会议论文集。2018 年。

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Pluss, B.

Rethinking Election Debates What Citizens Are Entitled to Expect

重新思考选举辩论公民有权期待什么

• DOI: 10.1177/1940161215609732
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: The International Journal of Press/Politics
• 作者: Coleman S

A Novel Method to Gauge Audience Engagement with Televised Election Debates through Instant, Nuanced Feedback Elicitation

一种通过即时、细致的反馈来衡量观众对电视选举辩论的参与度的新方法

• DOI: 10.1145/3083671.3083673
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: De Liddo A

Democratic replay: Enhancing TV election debates with interactive visualisations

民主重播：通过交互式可视化增强电视选举辩论

• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
• 作者: Plüss B.

Engaging Citizens with Televised Election Debates through Online Interactive Replays

通过在线互动重播让公民参与电视选举辩论

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Pluss, B.