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CONDITIONED COMPENSATORY RESPONSE TO ALCOHOL

对酒精的条件性补偿反应

基本信息

批准号：
3445164
负责人：
DAVID B NEWLIN
金额：
$ 5.37万
依托单位：
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1984
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1984-07-01 至 1987-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3445164
关键词：
alcoholic beverage consumption alcoholism /alcohol abuse alcoholism /alcohol abuse prevention conditioning diagnostic tests disease /disorder proneness /risk drug tolerance human subject male placebos psychological reinforcement psychophysiology stimulus /response

项目摘要

It is proposed that alcoholics are characterized by large conditioned compensatory responses, opposite in direction to the effect of alcohol, to alcohol related cues. This response is thought to play a major role in the etiology of alcoholism and in relapse. The classical conditioning model of drug dependency has been extensively supported in the animal literature. Pilot data from this laboratory represents the first controlled evidence of the conditioned compensatory response in human subjects, which consisted of decreased pulse transmission time ("pounding heart") and decreased fingers skin temperature and finger pulse amplitude ("cold hands"). The proposed research provides a critical test of the conditioned compensatory response to alcohol cues in human subjects, and assesses its significance in the etiology of alcoholism. The first proposed experiment is a within-subject realization of the balanced placebo design using autonomic measures of the response to alcohol and the conditioned compensatory response. Sixteen male social drinkers will have repeated pairings of alcohol with one distinctive room and placebo with a different room. Subsequent testing with placebo in the alcohol room is expected to replicate the conditioned compensatory response found in pilot data, and testing with alcohol in the placebo room is expected to show loss of tolerance. The second experiment compares the magnitude of the conditioned compensatory response in nonalcoholic social drinkers with and without familial alcoholism and scoring high and low on a personality risk factor for alcoholism. Subjects at risk for alcoholism are expected to show larger conditioned compensatory responses to alcohol-related cues (e.g., placebo administered in a room previously paired with alcohol). The research has important implications for the etiology of alcohol dependency, selection of a at risk individuals for primary prevention, and the prevention of relapse in alcoholics using cue exposure therapy.

有人提出，酗酒者的特点是大的条件反射，补偿反应，方向相反的酒精的影响，酒精相关的线索这一反应被认为在酒精中毒的病因和复发。经典的条件反射模型药物依赖性在动物文献中得到了广泛的支持。该实验室的试验数据代表了第一个受控证据，人类受试者的条件性补偿反应，包括脉搏传输时间缩短（“心跳加速”）和手指减少皮肤温度和手指脉搏幅度（“冷手”）。拟议研究提供了条件补偿反应的关键测试在人类受试者的酒精线索，并评估其意义，酒精中毒的病因第一个提议的实验是一个主题内的实现，平衡安慰剂设计，采用自主测量对酒精的反应和条件补偿反应。 16名男性社交饮酒者会在一个独特的房间里反复搭配酒精，另一个房间的安慰剂随后的安慰剂试验酒精室预期复制条件补偿反应在试验数据中发现，在安慰剂室用酒精进行测试，预计会失去耐受性。第二个实验比较了条件反射非酒精性社交饮酒者的代偿反应家族性酗酒和人格风险因素得分高低因为酗酒预计有酗酒风险的受试者对酒精相关线索的较大的条件补偿反应（例如，在先前与酒精配对的房间中给予安慰剂）。这项研究对酒精的病因学有着重要的意义依赖性，选择高危个体进行初级预防，以及使用线索暴露疗法预防酗酒者复发。