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High Hydrogen Content (HHC) Fuel Burning at High Pressure

高氢含量 (HHC) 燃料在高压下燃烧

基本信息

批准号：
EP/L025051/1
负责人：
Ranga Dinesh Kahanda Koralage
金额：
$ 12.05万
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FL025051%2F1
关键词：
Hydrogen Content HHC Fuel Burning

项目摘要

To have a realistic chance of reducing the carbon footprint before 2020, intensive actions are required before the date by which a new international climate agreement is due to come into force. Combustion is at the heart of this challenge: fossil fuel combustion accounts for around two-thirds of greenhouse-gas emissions, as more than 80% of global energy consumption is based on fossil fuels. Worldwide, fossil fuels add more than twenty five billion tons of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere every year, along with vast quantities of other pollutants. This places enormous pressure to improve the combustion efficiency with low emissions in transportation and power generation devices while simultaneously developing more diverse fuel streams, including low carbon fuels. In moving towards cleaner combustion technologies, high hydrogen content (HHC) alternative fuel blends, especially those containing significant quantities of hydrogen are undoubtedly significant, because they are environmentally friendly and can be used as an alternative feedstock for energy resources in the clean energy generation. Unfortunately, the technical applicability of HHC fuels exhibit major challenges both fundamentally and practically due to three major reasons. Firstly, the combustion processes of HHC fuels is associated with high level of diffusivity and flame temperature which affect the flame speed, heat release rate, pollutant formations, and more importantly flame stability mechanisms. Secondly, combustion engines in power generation and transportation are generally operating at high pressure (e.g. 10-100 bar). Current chemical models for combustion consist of kinetic data of thousands of reactions. These models are validated through detailed comparisons with wide ranges of experimental observations of flame properties. However, much of the validation has been done for low pressure (e.g. 1bar), whereas combustion devices are mostly functioning at much higher pressure (e.g. 20-100 bar). Thirdly, there is less/no information available regarding the emission formations of HHC fuel burning at high pressure. As a result of the wide range of compositions found in high hydrogen fuels, strategies well suited for low emissions performance on conventional fuels such as natural gas may not necessarily work best for hydrogen containing fuels. Because of this, many existing combustors used for hydrocarbon content fuels will require new and refined techniques to achieve safe and controllable HHC fuel burning at high pressure, which is crucial for future clean combustion technology developments. Therefore, there is a clear need to investigate the combustion science of alternative clean fuels at high pressure. In order to meet the challenges posed by the HHC fuel burning at high pressure, a detailed parametric study by systematically varying the percentage of the fuel composition at different high pressure levels is highly desired. The aim of this proposal is to develop new computational experiments to fundamentally understand the burning issues of HHC fuels at high pressure conditions. The project will demonstrate how the new predictive engineering models can be used to utilise HHC fuels, highlighting the effects of high pressure on clean fuel burning, overall performance, emission distributions and finally provide an optimised industrial guidelines to design combustor performance for hydrogen-rich clean fuel burning at high pressure. The industrial guidelines will particularly address the applicability of hydrogen-rich clean fuel burning for gas turbine combustion and operability. This project will investigate the effects of high pressure on HHC fuel burning, and to generate a comprehensive computational database in order to establish industrial guidelines for burning issues of hydrogen-rich fuel at high pressures.

为了在 2020 年之前实现减少碳足迹的现实机会，需要在新的国际气候协议生效之前采取密集行动。燃烧是这一挑战的核心：化石燃料燃烧约占温室气体排放量的三分之二，因为全球 80% 以上的能源消耗都是基于化石燃料。在世界范围内，化石燃料每年向大气中排放超过 250 亿吨二氧化碳以及大量其他污染物。这给运输和发电设备的低排放提高燃烧效率带来了巨大的压力，同时开发更多样化的燃料流，包括低碳燃料。在走向清洁燃烧技术的过程中，高氢含量（HHC）替代燃料混合物，尤其是那些含有大量氢气的替代燃料混合物无疑具有重要意义，因为它们对环境友好，并且可以用作清洁能源发电中能源的替代原料。不幸的是，由于三个主要原因，HHC 燃料的技术适用性在根本上和实践上都面临着重大挑战。首先，HHC 燃料的燃烧过程与高水平的扩散率和火焰温度相关，这会影响火焰速度、热释放速率、污染物形成，更重要的是影响火焰稳定性机制。其次，发电和运输中的内燃机通常在高压（例如10-100巴）下运行。当前的燃烧化学模型由数千个反应的动力学数据组成。这些模型通过与广泛的火焰特性实验观察的详细比较得到验证。然而，大部分验证都是在低压（例如 1 巴）下完成的，而燃烧装置大多在更高的压力（例如 20-100 巴）下运行。第三，关于高压燃烧 HHC 燃料的排放形成的信息较少/没有。由于高氢燃料中存在多种成分，非常适合天然气等传统燃料低排放性能的策略不一定最适合含氢燃料。因此，许多现有的用于碳氢化合物燃料的燃烧器将需要新的、精细的技术来实现HHC燃料在高压下的安全可控燃烧，这对于未来清洁燃烧技术的发展至关重要。因此，显然需要研究替代清洁燃料在高压下的燃烧科学。为了应对 HHC 燃料在高压下燃烧带来的挑战，非常需要通过系统地改变不同高压水平下燃料成分的百分比来进行详细的参数研究。该提案的目的是开发新的计算实验，从根本上了解 HHC 燃料在高压条件下的燃烧问题。该项目将展示如何使用新的预测工程模型来利用 HHC 燃料，强调高压对清洁燃料燃烧、整体性能、排放分布的影响，并最终提供优化的工业指南，以设计高压下富氢清洁燃料燃烧的燃烧器性能。该工业指南将特别解决富氢清洁燃料燃烧对于燃气轮机燃烧和可操作性的适用性。该项目将研究高压对 HHC 燃料燃烧的影响，并生成一个全面的计算数据库，以便为高压下富氢燃料的燃烧问题制定工业指南。