MOLECULAR GENETICS OF STRESS-RESPONSES IN ARABIDOPSIS

拟南芥应激反应的分子遗传学

• 批准号: 3466550
• 负责人: Joseph R Ecker
• 金额: $ 12.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3466550
• 关键词: DNA; Gramineae; ethylenes; gene expression; genetic manipulation; genetic recombination; genetic regulation; hormone regulation /control mechanism; molecular cloning; mutant; nucleic acid sequence; oligosaccharides; plant genetics; plant growth regulators; stress

Understanding an organism's response to stress is a fundamental problem in biology. The unifying theme in the stress response is that perturbation of the environment leads to rapid and specific activation of gene expression. In the course of evolution, plants have developed effective mechanisms for resistance to a variety of stresses. Specific induction in gene expression occurs in response to environmental stresses such as infection and wounding; the "immune response" of plants. A major goal of this proposal is to understand the molecular and cellular basis of a plants response to these stresses. Molecular and genetic approaches will be combined to dissect the mechanisms controlling the induction and expression of stress-regulated genes in a model plant system. The dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana is ideally suited for such studies; the major advantage is that it is amenable to molecular genetic manipulations common to yeast and Drosophlia but impractical for other higher plants. The long term goal of this project is to ascertain the molecular events involved in signalling and recognition of stress. The action of stress-induced hormones is of fundamental importance in understanding these processes. This research aims to isolate and characterize mutations in genes that affect the biosynthesis, recognition and response to stress-induced ethylene and oligosaccharins and also to define the DNA sequences in stress- induced plant defense response genes which are essential for regulation by these plant stress hormones. Specifically this project aims: 1) to identify and characterize Arabidopsis mutants that are affected in the stress response to exogenous and endogenous oligosaccharide fragments; 2) to identify and "stress ethylene"; 3) to analyze the DNA controlling elements that regulate ethylene- and oligosaccharin-induced genes; 4) to use both genetic and molecular techniques to identify genes/proteins that directly or indirectly mediate the induction of ethylene- and oligosaccharin-regulated genes and 5) to construct and characterize "mutations" in genes regulated by ethylene and oligosaccharins by expression of antisense and sense RNAs for these genes.

了解生物体对压力的反应是一个基本的 生物学上的问题。 压力反应的统一主题是 环境的扰动会导致快速而特异的 基因表达的激活。 在进化过程中，植物 已经发展出有效的机制来抵抗各种 压力。 基因表达的特异性诱导发生在 对环境压力的反应，如感染和 植物的“免疫反应”。 一个主要目标是 建议是了解分子和细胞的基础上， 植物对这些压力的反应。 分子和遗传 方法将结合起来，剖析机制 控制胁迫调节基因的诱导和表达 在一个模型工厂系统中。 双子叶植物拟南芥 泰国非常适合进行这种研究，其主要优点是 它可以通过分子遗传操作 酵母和果蝇，但不适用于其他高等植物。 本项目的长期目标是确定分子 涉及信号和识别压力的事件。 的行动 应激诱导激素的分泌对于 了解这些过程。 这项研究旨在分离和 表征影响生物合成的基因突变， 对胁迫诱导的乙烯的识别和反应， 寡糖素，并确定DNA序列的压力- 诱导的植物防御反应基因是必需的， 这些植物激素的调节。 具体来说， 项目目标：1）鉴定和表征拟南芥突变体 在对外源性的应激反应中受到影响， 内源性低聚糖片段; 2）识别和“应激” 乙烯"; 3）分析DNA控制元件， 调节乙烯和寡糖素诱导的基因; 4）使用 基因和分子技术来鉴定基因/蛋白质 直接或间接介导乙烯的诱导， 寡糖素调节基因和5）构建和 描述乙烯调控基因的"突变"， 寡糖素的反义和正义RNA的表达， 这些基因。