权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

MERLIN-2: Further empirical evidence of lighting for pedestrians

MERLIN-2：行人照明的进一步经验证据

基本信息

批准号：
EP/M02900X/1
负责人：
Stephen Fotios
金额：
$ 57.86万
依托单位：
University of Sheffield
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FM02900X%2F1
关键词：
MERLIN Further empirical evidence lighting

项目摘要

When travelling to local destinations, safer streets encourage people to walk rather than drive. That is beneficial in many ways: walking promotes good health and interaction with the community and less driving reduces pollution. After dark, good road lighting contributes to pedestrian safety. Good lighting can make a place feel safer by improving visibility of the route ahead and improving the visibility of other people. Good lighting can make a path safer for pedestrians by improving the ability to detect potential trip hazards in time to take avoiding action. However, there is currently insufficient knowledge of what 'good lighting' is. While the public generally respond favourably to increasing light levels, there must be consideration to the energy consumed by the lighting and that at some point, increasing the light level does not increase the visual benefit of lighting. Recent work has suggested that we can reduce light levels without reducing the visual benefit of lighting because light levels are un-necessarily high and by optimising the trade-off between the colour of lighting and the spatial distribution of light. Reducing light levels offers a rapid route to reduction in energy consumption and hence in the greenhouse gasses associated with electricity generation, a demand-side approach to meeting current carbon-reduction commitments. Reducing light levels reduces the amount of light reflected to the night sky, and reduces the impact of nocturnal lighting on wildlife and human health. The proposed project will investigate road lighting in residential areas, which is designed to meet primarily the needs of pedestrians. We will first clarify our understanding of what matters to pedestrians - what it is they need to see for safe walking. This will be done through a new analysis of eye tracking data from pedestrians walking outdoors after dark, videos which show where someone looks, to reveal the critical objects of attention and how far ahead we would like to see them. Experiments will be carried out to explore how lighting affects our ability to evaluate the intention of other people (e.g. whether friendly or threatening) and to detect potential trip hazards, and how lighting affects perceived safety: our recent work suggests these are the critical tasks for safe walking.

前往当地目的地时，更安全的街道鼓励人们步行而不是开车。这在很多方面都是有益的：步行可以促进身体健康和与社区的互动，减少驾驶可以减少污染。天黑后，良好的道路照明有助于行人安全。良好的照明可以提高前方路线的能见度并提高其他人的能见度，从而使一个地方感觉更安全。良好的照明可以提高及时发现潜在绊倒危险并采取避免行动的能力，从而使行人的道路更加安全。然而，目前对于什么是“良好的照明”还缺乏足够的了解。虽然公众普遍对增加光照水平反应良好，但必须考虑照明消耗的能量，并且在某些时候，增加光照水平并不会增加照明的视觉效益。最近的研究表明，我们可以在不降低照明视觉效果的情况下降低光照水平，因为光照水平不必要地高，并且可以通过优化照明颜色和光的空间分布之间的权衡来降低光照水平。降低光照水平提供了减少能源消耗以及与发电相关的温室气体排放的快速途径，这是满足当前碳减排承诺的需求方方法。减少光照水平可以减少反射到夜空的光量，并减少夜间照明对野生动物和人类健康的影响。拟议项目将研究住宅区的道路照明，其设计主要是为了满足行人的需求。我们将首先澄清我们对什么对行人重要的理解——他们需要看到什么才能安全行走。这将通过对天黑后在户外行走的行人的眼动追踪数据进行新的分析来完成，视频显示行人的视线，以揭示关键的关注对象以及我们希望看到它们的前方多远。我们将进行实验来探索照明如何影响我们评估他人意图（例如友好还是威胁）和检测潜在绊倒危险的能力，以及照明如何影响感知安全：我们最近的工作表明这些是安全行走的关键任务。