Low carbon climate-responsive Heating and Cooling of Cities (LoHCool)

LoHCool专注于主题T1：为不同人口密度和气候的城市地区提供经济和节能的供暖和制冷。它直接面对的难题是，在大陆气候带提供更大的冬季和夏季舒适性，同时减轻将是惊人比例的碳惩罚。它专注于从现有的建筑存量中回收价值，现有建筑约34亿平方米，居住和工作的居民约5.5亿。这是一项高度跨学科的研究，涉及中国和英国的工程师、建筑科学家、大气科学家、建筑师和行为研究人员，他们测量中国城市新建建筑(尤其是现有建筑)的实际性能，调查在集成设计和再工程中使用被动和主动系统的情况。它聚焦于中国所在的夏热冬冷气候带内极具挑战性的动态。它的目的是通过监测、测量和测量人们的舒适度，并通过开发包括能源模拟在内的系统建模来捕捉这种理解，从而使建筑物内的生活条件和舒适度水平能够得到亟需的改善，方法是通过监测、测量和测量人们对建筑物中当前供暖和制冷技术和做法的敏锐了解。它将借用英国的研究进行比较，例如，研究英格兰整个国民健康服务(NHS)医院地产目前和未来的环境状况，以及非常可观的实际经济机会，以显著改善，同时以雄心勃勃的NHS目标所要求的速度节省碳。它将提出详细的实用和经济的低碳和极低碳方案，以重新设计我们将在一系列城市确定的主要建筑类型，并与当地利益相关者、承包商和建筑专业人员共同开发，探索经济和节能的低碳区域供暖和制冷系统。最后，它将在当前气候、当前极端事件和未来气候中测试它们，并将估计广泛实施的碳影响和成本。对现有库存的研究结果将同样适用于新建筑，在许多方面都是更简单的前景。

LoHCool focuses on topic T1 'Delivering economic and energy-efficient heating and cooling to city areas of different population densities and climates'. It confronts directly the conundrum of offering greater winter and summer comfort in a Continental climate zone whilst mitigating what would be a carbon penalty of prodigious proportions. It concentrates on recovering value from the existing building stock, some 3.4 Billion m2 in which dwell and work some 550 Million citizens. It is highly cross-disciplinary involving engineers, building scientists, atmospheric scientists, architects and behavioural researchers in China and UK measuring real performance in new and particularly in existing buildings in Chinese cities to investigate the use of passive and active systems within integrated design and re-engineering. It focuses on the very challenging dynamic within China's Hot Summer/Cold Winter HSCW climate zone. It aims to enable the much desired improvements in living conditions and comfort levels within buildings through developing a keen understanding of the current heating and cooling technologies and practices in buildings by monitoring, surveying and measuring people's comfort and capturing this understanding through developing systems modelling including energy simulations. It will borrow on UK research for comparative purposes, for example work examining the current and future environmental conditions within the whole National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Estate in England and the practical economic opportunities, very considerable, for significant improvement whilst saving carbon at the rate required by ambitious NHS targets. It will propose detailed practical and economic low and very low carbon options for re-engineering the dominant building types which we will identify in a series of cities, as developed with local stakeholders, contractors and building professionals, exploring economic and energy-efficient low carbon district heating and cooling systems. Finally, it will test them in the current climate, 'current' extreme events, future climates and will estimate the carbon implications and cost of widespread implementation. Findings for the existing stock will be equally applicable to new-build, in many ways a simpler prospect.