STUDIES OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM

我们的目标是了解视觉的细胞基础，包括 视觉系统的发育以及遗传和环境的作用 各种因素。这些研究将包括对脑部神经回路的分析 猫和Moneky纹状皮质细胞内法 记录后用辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)染色。特别之处 感兴趣的是了解更多关于内在的水平连接和 它们在塑造大脑皮层局部和整体反应特性中的作用 细胞。将通过以下方式测试给定连接的功能重要性 使用局部注射GABA可逆性阻断给定的通路。离体 猫和猴子的纹状皮质切片也将用于 对电路的研究。特定的细胞类型，逆行标记 在其投射部位注射荧光微珠，可以 活体切片中可见的荧光素细胞内染色 黄色或HRP。特定皮质内连接的发展，如 作为簇状的水平连接，将在小猫的 不同的年龄，在正常或视力丧失的条件下长大。 颜色、运动方向、深度和图案视觉看起来 由更高的中心通过隔离投影处理到不同的 皮质区域。这些投影将在猴子身上进行研究，使用 单细胞染色与组织化学结合重建 方法：研究方法。视皮层细胞之间的功能连接将是 通过关联两个同时记录的细胞的活动来研究的。 这种方法使检验神经的特异性成为可能。 关于层流、柱状和簇状性质的联系 皮质建筑。该方法将进一步发展，以包括 用于同时记录多个单元的多达32个电极的阵列， 它的活动将在网上进行关联。两者之间的关联性 皮质细胞可以随着刺激条件和多电极的变化而变化 数组将使分析动态神经连接成为可能 在一个小的皮质区域内，也许在皮质区域之间。另一个 功能体系结构的研究方法，已经被 在实验室中开发的，是一种光学记录方法。该地区 大脑皮层活动的分布将在不同的刺激下被检查 猫和猴子的情况以及与反应有关的情况 单个单元格的属性。

The goal is to understand the cellular basis of vision, including the development of the visual system and the role of genetic and environmental factors. The studies will include the analysis of the neural circuitry of the cat and moneky striate cortex using the method of intracellular recording and staining with horse radish peroxidase (HRP). Of special interest is to learn more about the intrinsic horizontal connections and their part in shaping local and global response properties of cortical cells. The functional importance of a given connection will be tested by reversible blocks of a given pathway using local GABA injection. In vitro slices of the striate cortex from cats and monkeys will also be used in studies of circuitry. Specific cell types, retrogradely labelled by injection of fluorescent beads at their site of projection, can be visualized in the living slice for intracellular staining with Lucifer yellow or HRP. The development of specific intracortical connections, such as the clustered horizontal connections, will be studied in kittens of different ages, raised under normal or visually deprived conditions. Color, direction of movement, depth and pattern vision appears to be processed by higher centers through segregated projections to different cortical areas. These projections will be studied in the monkey using single cell staining and reconstruction in combination with histochemical methods. Functional connections between cells in the visual cortex will be studied by correlating the activity of two simultaneously recorded cells. This methods makes it possible to examine the specificity of neural connections with reference to the laminar, columnar and clustered nature of the cortical architecture. The method will be further developed to include an array of up to 32 electrodes for simultaneous recording of many cells, the activity of which will be correlated on line. The correlation between cortical cells can vary with stimulus conditions and the multielectrode array will make it possible to analyze the dynamic neural connections within a small cortical area and perhaps between cortical areas. Another approach to the study of the functional architecture, which has been developed in the laboratory, is an optical recording method. The regional distribution of cortical activity will be examined under different stimulus conditions in both the cat and monkey and related to the response properties of single cells.