The role of chemical formatting structures in biomass on the formation of dioxins and furans in soot deposits from the combustion of biomass

据估计，每年约有35万吨废木用于英国国内通过灰色燃料市场获得的木材燃烧。这些废木中的大部分很可能是干净的，然而，数量可观但未知的木材可能会受到污染。经证明，燃烧受污染的木材会产生大量二恶英和呋喃。这些二恶英和呋喃还与沉积在燃烧烟道系统或明火烟囱中的烟灰和焦炭有关。这类被二恶英和呋喃污染的烟尘沉淀物对环境和健康构成重大风险。本研究的目的是在模拟家用木材燃烧烟道条件下，研究生物质燃烧烟尘沉淀物中二恶英和呋喃的生成情况。这项研究将研究在前体和从头形成条件下，由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素这三种主要生物质成分产生的碳烟的不同结构和表面化学如何影响二恶英和呋喃的形成。此外，将调查在不同运行条件下产生的一系列受污染的城市废木燃烧产生的烟尘是否形成二恶英和呋喃。利用生物质模型、芳香模型化合物和含氧模型化合物进行综合研究，将有助于从机理上解释与生物质组成和生物量相关的二恶英和呋喃的形成。这一研究对于理解生物质燃烧产生的烟尘中二恶英和呋喃的形成机理具有重要意义。它还为政策制定、建议和对家庭环境中积累的多氯二苯并二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃对人类健康和环境的潜在危害的风险评估提供了关键证据。这是一项涉及超痕量有机微污染物的雄心勃勃的提议，利用先进的分析技术，从根本上了解导致生物质燃烧产生二恶英和呋喃的重要前体和从头反应机理。

It is estimated that ~350,000 tonnes/year of waste wood is used in UK domestic wood burning acquired via the 'grey' fuel market. Most of this waste wood is likely to be clean, however, a significant, yet unknown quantity, is likely to be contaminated. Combustion of contaminated wood has been shown to generate high levels of emissions of dioxins and furans. These dioxins and furans are also associated with the soot's and chars which deposit in the combustion flue gas system or open fire chimney. Such soot deposits contaminated with dioxins and furans represent substantial environmental and health risks. However, there is very little known about the formation of dioxins and furans in the soot deposits from waste wood combustion.The aim of this present research proposal is to investigate the formation of dioxins and furans formed in the soot deposits from the combustion of biomass under the conditions simulating those of the flue duct conditions from domestic wood burning. The research will investigate how the different structure and surface chemistry of soot's produced from the main biomass components of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin influence the formation of dioxins and furans under precursor and de novo formation conditions. In addition, soot produced from the combustion of a range of contaminated urban waste woods produced under various operational conditions will be investigated in terms of dioxin and furan formation. An integral study using model biomass aromatic and oxygenated model compounds will aid a mechanistic interpretation of the formation of dioxins and furans related to biomass components and biomass.This research is timely and important in understanding the formation mechanisms of dioxins and furans in the soot deposits from biomass combustion. It also provides critical evidence for policy formulation, recommendations and risk assessments of the potential hazards to human health and the environment of the accumulation of PCDD/PCDF and PCBs in the domestic environment.This is an ambitious proposal involving ultra-trace level organic micro-pollutants using advanced analytical techniques to fundamentally understand the important precursor and de novo reaction mechanisms which lead to the formation of dioxins and furans from biomass combustion