A scanning quantum probe microscopy suite to boost the development of quantum circuits

扫描量子探针显微镜套件可促进量子电路的发展

• 批准号: EP/W027526/1
• 负责人: Sebastian De Graaf
• 金额: $ 123.54万
• 依托单位: National Physical Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FW027526%2F1
• 关键词: scanning; quantum; probe; microscopy; suite

Noise and decoherence poses a critical challenge for the development of quantum computing in the solid-state. Usually, this decoherence and associated qubit parameter drift can be attributed to atomic-scale material defects, of which little is known, present in the materials used to build quantum circuits. The semiconductor industry (classical computing) faced very similar material challenges in its early days, yet today it shows remarkable quality and yield. Apart from a tremendous engineering effort, much of this can be attributed to the emergence of new nanoscale material characterisation tools. For instance, the development of atomic force microscopy and scanning tunnelling microscopy, together with a broad range of derived scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques has allowed to gain in-depth knowledge of materials and perfect device fabrication. Quantum computing has now matured to a level where similar challenges related to materials remains before it can fully be exploited. It is thus clear that quantum SPM ('scanning quantum probe microscopy', SQPM) tools for defect mitigation will be essential to drive quantum computing (and quantum technologies in general) forward in the decades to come. However, the challenge (in particular with quantum devices operating in the microwave regime, such as superconducting circuits) is that they are sensitive to defects in a completely unprecedented way: the defects have very low energy scales and low densities, making the relevant defects impossible to detect by conventional techniques. Yet these otherwise minute defects still have detrimental effects on the coherence of quantum circuits. To date none of the existing nanoscale characterisation tools are capable of 'seeing the material defects' the way quantum circuits sees and suffers from them. This project aims to take the first fundamental steps in developing the SQPM tools that will one day drive the progress of refined materials for quantum processors posed to revolutionise computing. This will be achieved by building on existing capabilities developed by the PI in detection and control of individual material defects and cryogenic SPM instrumentation in the quantum regime, to construct a SQPM platform capable of hosting high coherence quantum circuits where individual defects can be located - correlating spatial, structural, and spectral defect properties directly with device performance.

噪声和退相干对固态量子计算的发展提出了严峻的挑战。通常，这种退相干和相关的量子位参数漂移可以归因于用于建造量子电路的材料中存在的原子级材料缺陷，其中的缺陷知之甚少。半导体行业(经典计算)在早期面临着非常相似的物质挑战，但今天它表现出了非凡的质量和产量。除了巨大的工程努力外，这在很大程度上可以归因于新的纳米材料表征工具的出现。例如，原子力显微镜和扫描隧道显微镜的发展，加上一系列衍生的扫描探针显微镜(SPM)技术，使人们能够深入了解材料并完善器件制造。量子计算现在已经成熟到了一个程度，在它可以被充分利用之前，与材料相关的类似挑战仍然存在。因此，很明显，用于缺陷缓解的量子SPM(扫描量子探测显微镜，SQPM)工具将是推动量子计算(以及整个量子技术)在未来几十年向前发展的关键。然而，挑战(特别是在微波领域工作的量子设备，如超导电路)是它们对缺陷以一种完全前所未有的方式敏感：缺陷具有非常低的能量尺度和低密度，使得相关缺陷无法用传统技术检测。然而，这些本来很微小的缺陷仍然对量子电路的相干性产生了不利影响。到目前为止，没有一种现有的纳米级表征工具能够像量子电路看到材料缺陷并遭受它们的痛苦那样‘看到材料缺陷’。该项目旨在迈出开发SQPM工具的第一步，这些工具有朝一日将推动量子处理器精炼材料的进步，从而使计算发生革命性的变化。这将通过在PI在检测和控制单个材料缺陷和量子领域的低温SPM仪器方面开发的现有能力的基础上实现，以构建一个能够托管高相干量子电路的SQPM平台，在其中可以定位单个缺陷-将空间、结构和光谱缺陷属性直接与器件性能相关联。

项目成果

Quantum bath suppression in a superconducting circuit by immersion cooling.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39249-z
• 发表时间: 2023-06-14
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Lucas, M.;Danilov, A. V.;Levitin, L. V.;Jayaraman, A.;Casey, A. J.;Faoro, L.;Tzalenchuk, A. Ya.;Kubatkin, S. E.;Saunders, J.;de Graaf, S. E.
• 通讯作者: de Graaf, S. E.

Spin echo silencing using a current-biased frequency-tunable resonator

使用电流偏置频率可调谐振器的自旋回声消音

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2206.04488
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Ranjan V

Spin-Echo Silencing Using a Current-Biased Frequency-Tunable Resonator.

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.180504
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Physical review letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: V. Ranjan;Y. Wen;A. K. V. Keyser;S. Kubatkin;A. Danilov;T. Lindström;P. Bertet;S. D. de Graaf

Scaling of self-stimulated spin echoes

自激自旋回波的缩放

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0176953
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Applied Physics Letters
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: De Graaf S