PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES--BRAIN-INJURY MEMORY DISORDERS

生理相关性——脑损伤记忆障碍

• 批准号: 3738524
• 负责人: RUSSELL M BAUER
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3738524
• 关键词: alcoholism /alcohol abuse; attention; auditory stimulus; autogenic training; behavioral habituation /sensitization; brain injury; cognition; decision making; galvanic skin response; heart rate; human subject; memory; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuropsychology; paired stimuli; performance; psychomotor reaction time; psychophysiology; statistics /biometry; stimulus /response; stimulus interval; visual stimulus

Using physiological measures as independent indices of cognitive operations reflects the development of a relatively new field of inquiry. It has particular relevance to the study of memory disorders, as it permits evidence of mental operation despite no apparent retention. In addition, it allows for an independent assessment of the normalcy of processing characteristics during the performance of tasks on which amnesics do appear normal, e.g., implicit perceptual memory. To date, evidence for the existence of autonomic nervous system responses during a repetition priming study has been obtained with amnesic and physiological changes being noted during a face recognition task performed by a patient with prosopagnosia. These preliminary data suggest that this approach applied to other investigations of information processing deficits could have an extremely important outcome. Three main issues will be the focus of investigation in this proposal. First will be to determine whether or not amnesic patients orient appropriately to changes in stimuli that have inherent value (i.e., novelty) in enhancing later retrieval. Second, involves determining the extent to which specific instructions to orient to features that would enhance memory will change amnesics' response to those stimuli. Third, involves a systematic approach to assessing the amnesic's response to repeated stimuli during an implicit memory task. In order to study these three issues, five lines of research are proposed. The first explores the nature of the habituation of the orienting response. Study 2 explores the relative role of stimulus information vs. significance as factors in influencing amnesics' orienting response. The third experiment is designed to investigate amnesic patients' orientation to significant and/or novel stimuli within a continuous recognition task. Experiment 4 looks at repetition effects during a "data-driven" lexical decision task. Experiment 5 similarly explores these patients' orienting response during a "conceptually-driven" repetition lexical decision task. It is anticipated that the results of these investigations will permit an independent evaluation of amnesics' normalcy, or impairment, during the processing of information on tasks they can perform.

使用生理测量作为认知操作的独立指标 反映了一个相对较新的研究领域的发展。 它有 特别相关的记忆障碍的研究，因为它允许 尽管没有明显的记忆保留，但有精神操作的证据。 此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 它允许对处理的正常性进行独立评估 在执行任务期间出现健忘症的特征 正常，例如，内隐知觉记忆。 迄今为止， 重复启动过程中自主神经系统反应的存在 一项研究发现， 在一个面容失认症患者的面部识别任务中。 这些初步数据表明，这种方法适用于其他 对信息处理缺陷的调查可能会有一个非常 重要成果。 三个主要问题将是本提案调查的重点。 首先是确定健忘症患者是否 适合于具有固有值的刺激的变化（即， （新奇）提高后期检索能力。 第二，确定 具体说明针对将 增强记忆会改变健忘症患者对这些刺激的反应。 第三、 包括一个系统的方法来评估失忆症的反应， 重复的刺激在一个内隐记忆任务。 为了研究这些 提出了三个问题，五条研究思路。 第一个探讨了 定向反应习惯化的本质。 研究2探讨了 刺激信息与重要性作为因素的相对作用 影响健忘症患者的定向反应 第三个实验设计了 研究健忘症患者对重要和/或新奇事物的取向， 连续识别任务中的刺激。 实验四看 在“数据驱动”的词汇决策任务的重复效果。 实验5类似地探讨了这些患者的定向反应， 一个“概念驱动”的重复词汇决策任务。 是 预计这些调查的结果将允许 独立评估遗忘者的正常状态，或损伤，在 处理关于他们可以执行的任务的信息。