ETIOLOGY OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS IN PLATELETPHERESIS DONORS

血小板去除术供者过敏反应的病因

• 批准号: 3752232
• 负责人: S F LEITMAN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: CLINICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3752232
• 关键词: active immunization; acute disease /disorder; allergens; blood donor; cell sorting; ethylenes; granulocyte; histamine release; human subject; hypersensitivity; immunoglobulin E; immunologic skin test; immunopathology diagnosis; leukapheresis; oxides; pathologic process; plateletpheresis

In February 1984, the DTM converted from manual to automated platelet collection techniques, acquiring for this purpose four automated cell separation devices. During the next 9 years, 25 donors undergoing apheresis procedures on the Fenwal CS-3000 device experienced acute hypersensitivity reactions. Fifteen reactions occurred during plateletpheresis and 10 reactions occurred during granulocytapheresis procedures. The purpose of this study was to identify the allergen responsible for these reactions. Using a combination of skin tests, radioallergosorbent tests, and basophil histamine release assays, specific IgE-mediated sensitization to ethylene oxide, a gas used to sterilize the plastic disposable apheresis kits, was found in 10 to 15 plateletpheresis donors and 8 of 10 granulocytapheresis donors experiencing reactions, but in none of 140 nonreacting controls. It is estimated that as many as 1.0% of all repeat apheresis donors may become sensitized to ethylene oxide and experience symptoms during donation. Two of the 10 individuals experienced reactions during granulocyte donations had positive skin tests to hydroxyethyl starch, and appeared to become sensitized to this red cell sedimenting agent during apheresis. Although none of these reactions have been life-threatening, the DTM is continuing to test apheresis donors for sensitization to ethylene oxide and hydroxyethyl starch, and to defer sensitized individuals from subsequent CS-3000 donations.

1984年2月，DTM从手动转换为自动血小板 收集技术，为此目的获得四个自动化单元 分离装置在接下来的9年里，25名捐赠者接受了 Fenwal CS-3000设备上的单采程序发生急性 超敏反应 15起反应发生在 粒细胞单采反应10例 程序. 本研究的目的是确定过敏原 对这些反应负责。 使用皮肤测试的组合， 放射性过敏吸附试验，和嗜碱性粒细胞组胺释放测定， 特异性IgE介导的对环氧乙烷的致敏作用，环氧乙烷是一种用于 对塑料一次性单采试剂盒进行消毒，发现10至15例 血小板单采供体和10例粒细胞单采供体中的8例 出现反应，但在140个无反应的对照组中没有。 它 据估计，多达1.0%的重复单采献血者可能 对环氧乙烷敏感，并在 捐赠。 10人中有2人在 粒细胞捐献者对羟乙基淀粉的皮肤试验呈阳性， 似乎对这种红细胞沉降剂变得敏感 血液成分分离术中。 虽然这些反应都没有危及生命，但DTM 正在继续测试单采献血者对乙烯的敏感性 氧化物和羟乙基淀粉，并推迟致敏个体 从后来的CS-3000捐赠中