ETIOLOGY OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS IN PLATELETPHERESIS DONORS

1984年2月，DTM由手动转换为自动血小板 收集技术，获得这四个自动化细胞分离 装置.在接下来的10年里，26名接受单采的献血者 Fenwal CS-3000器械上的手术发生急性超敏反应 反应. 16例反应发生在血小板单采过程中， 在粒细胞置换术过程中发生反应。的目的 本研究旨在确定引起这些反应的过敏原。 结合皮肤试验、放射性过敏原吸附试验和嗜碱性粒细胞 组胺释放试验，特异性IgE介导的致敏乙烯 氧化物，一种用于对塑料一次性血液成分分离试剂盒进行灭菌的气体， 16例血小板单采献血者中10例，10例粒细胞单采献血者中8例 发生反应的供体，但在140个无反应的对照中没有。 据估计，在所有重复单采献血者中， 对环氧乙烷敏感并出现过敏症状 捐赠期间。10个人中有两个人在 粒细胞捐献者对羟乙基淀粉的皮肤试验呈阳性， 似乎变得对这种红细胞沉降剂敏感， 单采。 虽然这些反应都没有危及生命，但DTM是 继续检测单采供体对环氧乙烷的致敏性， 羟乙基淀粉，并推迟致敏个体从随后的 CS-3000捐款。

In February, 1984, the DTM converted from manual to automated platelet collection techniques, acquiring for this four automated cell separation devices. During the next lO years, 26 donors undergoing apheresis procedures on the Fenwal CS-3000 device experienced acute hypersensitivity reactions. Sixteen reactions occurred during plateletpheresis and 10 reactions occurred during granulocytapheresis procedures. The purpose of this study was to identify the allergen responsible for these reactions. Using a combination of skin tests, radioallergosorbent tests, and basophil histamine release assays, specific IgE-mediated sensitization ethylene oxide, a gas used to sterilize the plastic disposable apheresis kits, was found in 10 of 16 plateletpheresis donors and 8 of 10 granulocytapheresis donors experiencing reactions, but in none of 140 non-reacting controls. It is estimated that as many as %1.0 of all repeat apheresis donors may become sensitized to ethylene oxide and experience allergic symptoms during donation. Two of the 10 individuals experiencing reactions during granulocyte donations had positive skin tests to hydroxyethyl starch, and appeared to become sensitized to this red cell sedimenting agent during apheresis. Although none of these reactions have been life-threatening, the DTM is continuing to test apheresis donor for sensitization to ethylene oxide and hydroxyethyl starch, and to defer sensitized individuals from subseqent CS-3000 donations.